Insertion device systems and methods

ABSTRACT

A first device housing may be configured to be operatively engaged with and disengaged from a base carried by a user and may include a first carrier body arranged for movement at least between a refracted position and an advanced position. The first carrier body may support a piercing member for insertion through skin of the patient. A second device housing may be configured to be operatively engaged with and disengaged from the first device housing and may include a second carrier body operatively connectable with the first carrier body and arranged for movement at least between a retracted position and an advanced position. A driver in the second device housing may be arranged to move the first carrier body toward the advanced position to insert at least a portion of the piercing member through skin of the patient.

BACKGROUND

1. Field of the Invention

Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to insertiondevice systems and methods and, in specific embodiments, to insertiondevice systems and methods for insertion into a patient.

2. Related Art

According to modern medical techniques, certain chronic diseases may betreated by delivering a medication or other substance to the body of apatient. For example, diabetes is a chronic disease that is commonlytreated by delivering defined amounts of insulin to a patient atappropriate times. Traditionally, manually operated syringes and insulinpens have been employed for delivering insulin to a patient. Morerecently, modern systems have been designed to include programmablepumps for delivering controlled amounts of medication to a patient.

Pump type delivery devices have been configured in external devices,which connect to a patient, and have been configured in implantabledevices, which are implanted inside of the body of a patient. Externalpump type delivery devices include devices designed for use in astationary location, such as a hospital, a clinic, or the like, andfurther include devices configured for ambulatory or portable use, suchas devices designed to be carried by a patient, or the like. Externalpump-type delivery devices may contain reservoirs of fluidic media, suchas, but is not limited to, insulin.

External pump-type delivery devices may be connected in fluid flowcommunication to a patient or user-patient, for example, throughsuitable hollow tubing. The hollow tubing may be connected to a hollowneedle that is designed to pierce the skin of the patient and to deliverfluidic media there through. Alternatively, the hollow tubing may beconnected directly to the patient as through a cannula, or the like.

Examples of some external pump type delivery devices are described inU.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/211,095, filed Aug. 23, 2005, titled“Infusion Device And Method With Disposable Portion” and Published PCTApplication WO 01/70307 (PCT/US01/09139) titled “Exchangeable ElectronicCards For Infusion Devices” (each of which is owned by the assignee ofthe present invention), Published PCT Application WO 04/030716(PCT/US2003/028769) titled “Components And Methods For Patient InfusionDevice,” Published PCT Application WO 04/030717 (PCT/US2003/029019)titled “Dispenser Components And Methods For Infusion Device,” U.S.Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0065760 titled “Method ForAdvising Patients Concerning Doses Of Insulin,” and U.S. Pat. No.6,589,229 titled “Wearable Self-Contained Drug Infusion Device,” each ofwhich is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

External pump-type delivery devices may be connected in fluid-flowcommunication to a patient-user, for example, through suitable hollowtubing. The hollow tubing may be connected to a hollow needle that isdesigned to pierce the patient-user's skin and deliver an infusionmedium to the patient-user. Alternatively, the hollow tubing may beconnected directly to the patient-user as or through a cannula or set ofmicro-needles.

In contexts in which the hollow tubing is connected to the patient-userthrough a hollow needle that pierces skin of the user-patient, a manualinsertion of the needle into the patient-user can be somewhat traumaticto the user-patient. Accordingly, insertion mechanisms have been made toassist the insertion of a needle into the user-patient, whereby a needleis forced by a spring to move quickly from a retracted position into anextended position. As the needle is moved into the extended position,the needle is quickly forced through the skin of the user-patient in asingle, relatively abrupt motion that can be less traumatic to certainuser-patients as compared to a slower, manual insertion of a needle.While a quick thrust of the needle into the skin of the user-patient maybe less traumatic to some user-patients than a manual insertion, it isbelieved that, in some contexts, some user-patients may feel less traumaif the needle is moved a very slow, steady pace.

Examples of insertion mechanisms that may be used with and may be builtinto a delivery device are described in: U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/645,435, filed Dec. 26, 2006, titled “Infusion Medium Deliverysystem, Device And Method With Needle Inserter And Needle InserterDevice And Method,”; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/211,095,filed Aug. 23, 2005, titled “Infusion Device And Method With DisposablePortion” (each of which is assigned to the assignee of the presentinvention), each of which is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety. Other examples of insertion tools are described in U.S. PatentApplication Publication No. 2002/0022855, titled “Insertion Device ForAn Insertion Set And Method Of Using The Same” (assigned to the assigneeof the present invention), which is incorporated herein by reference inits entirety. Other examples of needle/cannula insertion tools that maybe used (or modified for use) to insert a needle and/or cannula, aredescribed in, for example U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/389,132filed Mar. 14, 2003, and entitled “Auto Insertion Device For SilhouetteOr Similar Products,” and/or U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/314,653filed Dec. 9, 2002, and entitled “Insertion Device For Insertion Set andMethod of Using the Same,” both of which are incorporated herein byreference in their entirety. Further examples of various insertion toolsare described in, but are not limited to, U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/645,972, filed Dec. 26, 2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery System,Device And Method With Needle Inserter And Needle Inserter Device AndMethod”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/646,052, filed Dec. 26,2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery System, Device And Method With NeedleInserter And Needle Inserter Device And Method”; U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 11/646,000, filed Dec. 26, 2006, “Infusion Medium DeliverySystem, Device And Method With Needle Inserter And Needle InserterDevice And Method,” all of which are herein incorporated by reference intheir entirety.

Pump-type delivery devices can allow accurate doses of insulin to becalculated and delivered automatically to a patient-user at any timeduring the day or night. Furthermore, when used in conjunction withglucose sensors or monitors, insulin pumps may be automaticallycontrolled to provide appropriate doses of infusion medium atappropriate times of need, based on sensed or monitored levels of bloodglucose.

Pump-type delivery devices have become an important aspect of modernmedical treatments of various types of medical conditions, such asdiabetes. As pump technologies improve and as doctors and patient-usersbecome more familiar with such devices, the popularity of externalmedical infusion pump treatment increases and is expected to increasesubstantially over the next decade.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

An insertion system in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention may include, but is not limited to, a base, a first devicehousing, and a second device housing. The base may be adapted to becarried by a patient. The first device housing may be configured to beoperatively engaged with and disengaged from the base.

The first device housing may include a first carrier body. The firstcarrier body may be arranged for movement within at least a portion ofthe first device housing at least between a retracted position and anadvanced position. The first carrier body may be for supporting apiercing member in a position orientated for insertion through skin ofthe patient upon movement of the first carrier body from the retractedposition to the advanced position.

The second device housing may be configured to be operatively engagedwith and disengaged from the first device housing. The second devicehousing may include a second carrier body and a driver. The secondcarrier body may be arranged for movement within at least a portion ofthe second device housing at least between a refracted position and anadvanced position. The second carrier body may be operativelyconnectable with the first carrier body. The driver may be arrangedwithin the second device housing to move the first carrier body from theretracted position toward the advanced position to insert at least aportion of the piercing member through skin of the patient.

In various embodiments, the driver may be arranged within the seconddevice housing to move the second carrier body from the retractedposition toward the advanced position to move the first carrier bodyfrom the retracted position toward the advanced position to insert atleast a portion of the piercing member through skin of the patient. Invarious embodiments, the insertion system may further include a lockingmechanism. The locking mechanism may be adapted to operatively engage atleast one of the driver and the second carrier body and to substantiallyprevent premature release of the carrier body before securing theinsertion system in position against the skin of the patient.

In various embodiments, the first carrier body may be configured tooperatively engage the base when the first carrier body is moved to theadvanced position. In some embodiments, the first carrier body may beconfigured to disengage the first device housing from the base upon thefirst carrier body being moved to the advanced position.

In further embodiments, one of the base and the first device housing mayhave an aperture. The other of the base and the first device housing mayhave a lever for engaging the aperture to operatively engage the firstdevice housing to the base. The first carrier body may have at least oneprotrusion for disengaging the lever from the aperture upon the firstcarrier body being moved to the advanced position.

In various embodiments, one of the base and the first device housing mayhave an aperture. The other of the base and the first device housing mayhave a lever for engaging the aperture to operatively engage the firstdevice housing to the base. In various embodiments, the first carrierbody may include a plunger. The plunger may be configured to support thepiercing member, and to insert the piercing member in the skin of theuser-patient upon movement of the first carrier body from the retractedposition to the advanced position.

In various embodiments, a distance traveled by the first carrier bodyrelative to the first device housing from the retracted position to theadvanced position may be equal to at least a distance traveled by thesecond carrier body relative to the second device housing from theretracted position to the advanced position. In various embodiments, adistance traveled by the first carrier body relative to the first devicehousing from the refracted position to the advanced position may beequal to at least a distance required to insert the piercing member intothe skin of the patient.

In various embodiments, the first carrier body may include a plunger anda collar body. The collar body may be operatively connected to theplunger. The piercing member may be supported by at least one of theplunger and the collar body in a position orientated for insertionthrough the skin of the patient upon movement of the first carrier bodyfrom the retracted position to the advanced position.

In some embodiments, the piercing member may comprise a cannulasupported by the collar body and a needle supported by the plunger. Theneedle may be disposed at least partially through the cannula. Thecannula and the needle may be supported in a position orientated forinsertion through the skin of the patient upon movement of the firstcarrier body from the retracted position to the advanced position.

In further embodiments, the plunger and the needle may be removable fromthe collar body. The cannula and the collar body may be adapted forreuse with another collar body and cannula. In further embodiments, thecollar body may have a fluid channel in fluid communication with ahollow interior of the cannula. The fluid channel may be for operativelyconnecting to a reservoir for containing fluidic media when the firstcarrier body is in the advanced position to allow fluidic medic to flowfrom the reservoir to the hollow interior of the cannula.

In further embodiments, the insertion system may include a compliantmaterial. The compliant material may be arranged within the firstcarrier body to support the piercing member. The compliant material maybe for allowing articulation of the piercing member relative to thefirst carrier body in a case where at least a portion of the piercingmember is in the skin of the patient and the piercing member is movedrelative to the housing. In yet further embodiments, the piercing membermay comprise a needle.

In various embodiments, the driver may comprise a bias member. The biasmember may be arranged within the second device housing. The bias membermay be for urging the second carrier body toward the advanced position.In some embodiments, the insertion system may include a second driver.The second driver may be arranged within the second device housing tomove the first carrier body away from the advanced position to a thirdposition.

In further embodiments, the second driver may comprise a bias member.The bias member may be arranged within the second device housing. Thebias member may be for urging the second carrier body toward the thirdposition. In yet further embodiments, the insertion system may include atrigger. The trigger may be for releasably retaining the second carrierbody in the advanced position. The trigger may be configured to beoperable to release the second carrier body to allow the second carrierbody to move to the third position.

In some embodiments, the insertion system may include a trigger. Thetrigger may be for releasably retaining the second carrier body in theretracted position. The trigger may be configured to be operable torelease the second carrier body to allow the second carrier body to moveto the advanced position.

In various embodiments, the second carrier body may be configured tooperatively connect with at least two different types of piercingmembers. The second carrier body may be configured to insert at least aportion of a selected one of the at least two different types ofpiercing members in a case where the selected one of the at least twodifferent types of piercing members is operatively connected to thesecond carrier body and the second carrier body is moved to the advancedposition.

In some embodiments, the second carrier body may be configured to beremovable from the selected one of the at least two different types ofpiercing members and adapted for reuse with another one of the at leasttwo different types of piercing members. In some embodiments, theinsertion system may be removable from the selected one of the at leasttwo different types of piercing members. In further embodiments, theinsertion system may be completely removable from the selected one ofthe at least two different types of piercing members.

In some embodiments, the piercing member may be supported by the firstcarrier body is one of the at least two different types of piercingmembers. In some embodiments, the selected one of the at least twodifferent types of piercing members may be an insertion needle of aninsertion set.

In some embodiments, the selected one of the at least two differenttypes of piercing members may be a lancet for obtaining a fluid samplefrom the patient. In further embodiments, the insertion system mayinclude a guard. The guard may be configured to be removably attachableto the second device housing. The guard may have an aperture forallowing the lancet to extend through in a case where the lancet isoperatively connected to the second carrier body and the second carrierbody is moved to the advanced position.

In some embodiments, a distance traveled by the first carrier bodyrelative to the first device housing from the retracted position to theadvanced position may be equal to at least a distance required to insertthe selected one of the at least two different types of piercing membersin the skin of the patient that is at least equal to an implantablelength of the selected one of the at least two different types ofpiercing members.

A method of making an insertion system in accordance with an embodimentof the present invention may include, but is not limited to any one orcombination of, (i) adapting a base to be carried by a patient; (ii)configuring a first device housing to be operatively engaged with anddisengaged from the base; (iii) arranging a first carrier body formovement within at least a portion of the first device housing at leastbetween a refracted position and an advanced position, the first carrierbody for supporting a piercing member in a position orientated forinsertion through skin of the patient upon movement of the first carrierbody from the retracted position to the advanced position; (iv)configuring a second device housing to be operatively engaged with anddisengaged from the first device housing, the second device housingcomprising; (v) arranging a second carrier body for movement within atleast a portion of the second device housing at least between aretracted position and an advanced position, the second carrier bodyoperatively connectable with the first carrier body; and (vi) arranginga driver within the second device housing to move the first carrier bodyfrom the retracted position toward the advanced position to insert atleast a portion of the piercing member through skin of the patient.

An insertion system in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention may include, but is not limited to, a housing, a piercingmember, and a compliant material. The piercing member may be arranged atleast partially within the housing, the piercing member for piercing amembrane. The compliant material may be arranged within the housing tosupport the piercing member. The compliant material may be for allowingarticulation of the piercing member relative to the housing in a casewhere the piercing member is in the membrane and moved relative to thehousing.

In various embodiments, the compliant material may be for allowingarticulation of the piercing member relative to the housing in a casewhere the piercing member is in the membrane and moved laterallyrelative to the housing. In various embodiments, the compliant materialmay be for allowing pivotal movement of the piercing member relative tothe housing in a case where the piercing member is in the membrane andmoved laterally relative to the housing. In various embodiments, thecompliant material may be adapted to provide a seal between the piercingmember and the compliant material to substantially prevent fluidic mediafrom flowing between the compliant material and the piercing member.

In various embodiments, the insertion system may include a seal member.The seal member may be arranged between the compliant material and thepiercing member for substantially preventing fluidic media from flowingbetween the compliant material and the piercing member. In variousembodiments, the compliant material may be adapted to adhere to thepiercing member. In various embodiments, the compliant material may bearranged to support the piercing member such that the piercing memberdoes not contact the housing.

In various embodiments, the piercing member may have a first opening anda second opening. One of the first opening and the second opening may befor receiving fluidic media into a hollow interior of the piercingmember. The other of the one of the first opening and the second openingmay be for allowing the fluidic media to exit the hollow interior of theneedle. The compliant material may be arranged at least partially inbetween the first opening and the second opening. In some embodiments,the compliant material may be arranged completely between the firstopening and the second opening.

In various embodiments, the piercing member may have a first opening anda second opening. One of the first opening and the second opening may befor receiving fluidic media into a hollow interior of the piercingmember. The other of the one of the first opening and the second openingmay be for allowing the fluidic media to exit the hollow interior of theneedle. The compliant material may have a body for supporting thepiercing member. The body may have a recess in communication with one ofthe first opening and the second opening. In some embodiments, therecess may be defined by a surface sloped to correspond generally to anangle of articulation of the piercing member relative to the housing.

In various embodiments, the piercing member may comprise a needle. Invarious embodiments, the housing may have a fluid channel for alignmentwith a reservoir. The fluid channel may be in fluid communication with ahollow interior of the piercing member. In various embodiments, thehousing may have a chamber for containing the compliant material. Atleast a portion of the needle may extend through the chamber of thehousing.

In various embodiments, the insertion system may include a retainingmember. The retaining member may be for retaining the compliant materialwithin the housing. In some embodiments, the retaining member maycomprise at least one of a cap, glue joint, and a septum.

In various embodiments, the housing may be made of the compliantmaterial to allow articulation of the piercing member relative to thehousing in a case where the piercing member is moved relative to thehousing. In various embodiments, the membrane may comprise skin of apatient. The compliant material may be for allowing articulation of thepiercing member relative to the housing in a case where the piercingmember is in the skin of the patient and moved relative to the housing.In some embodiments, the piercing member may have a hollow interior forconveying fluidic media.

A method of making an insertion system in accordance with an embodimentof the present invention may include, but is not limited to any one orcombination of, (i) providing a housing; (ii) arranging a piercingmember at least partially within the housing, the piercing member forpiercing a membrane; and (iii) arranging a compliant material within thehousing to support the piercing member, the compliant material forallowing articulation of the piercing member relative to the housing ina case where the piercing member is in the membrane and moved relativeto the housing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a generalized representation of a system inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a system in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a delivery device in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates a delivery device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 5A illustrates a durable portion of a delivery device in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5B illustrates a section view of a durable portion of a deliverydevice in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5C illustrates a section view of a durable portion of a deliverydevice in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6A illustrates a disposable portion of a delivery device inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6B illustrates a section view of a disposable portion of a deliverydevice in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6C illustrates a section view of a disposable portion of a deliverydevice in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 illustrates portions of a medical device in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 illustrates a medical device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 9 illustrates a medical device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 10 illustrates a medical device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 11 illustrates a medical device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 12 illustrates a medical device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 13 illustrates a medical device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 14 illustrates a medical device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 15 illustrates a medical device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 16 illustrates cross-section of a needle-inserting device inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17 illustrates a medial device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 18 illustrates a medial device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 19 illustrates a medial device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 20 illustrates a medial device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 21 illustrates flow chart for using a medial device in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 illustrates a medial device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 23 illustrates a medial device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 24 illustrates flow chart for using a medial device in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 25 illustrates a medial device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention; and

FIG. 26 illustrates a medial device in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 illustrates a generalized representation of a system 10 inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The system 10may include a delivery device 12. The system 10 may further include asensing device 14, a command control device (CCD) 16, and a computer 18.In various embodiments, the delivery device 12 and the sensing device 14may be secured at desired locations on the body 5 of a patient oruser-patient 7. The locations at which the delivery device 12 and thesensing device 14 are secured to the body 5 of the user-patient 7 inFIG. 1 are provided only as representative, non-limiting, examples.

The system 10, the delivery device 12, the sensing device 14, the CCD16, and computer 18 may be similar to those described in the followingU.S. patent applications that were assigned to the assignee of thepresent invention, where each of following patent applications isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety: (i) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/211,095, filed Aug. 23, 2005, “Infusion DeviceAnd Method With Disposable Portion”; (ii) U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/515,225, filed Sep. 1, 2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery Device AndMethod With Drive Device For Driving Plunger In Reservoir”; (iii) U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/588,875, filed Oct. 27, 2006, “SystemsAnd Methods Allowing For Reservoir Filling And Infusion MediumDelivery”; (iv) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/588,832, filed Oct.27, 2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery Device And Method With Drive DeviceFor Driving Plunger In Reservoir”; (v) U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/588,847, filed Oct. 27, 2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery Device AndMethod With Compressible Or Curved Reservoir Or Conduit”; (vi) U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/589,323, filed Oct. 27, 2006, “InfusionPumps And Methods And Delivery Devices And Methods With Same”; (vii)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/602,173, filed Nov. 20, 2006,“Systems And Methods Allowing For Reservoir Filling And Infusion MediumDelivery”; (viii) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/602,052, filedNov. 20, 2006, “Systems And Methods Allowing For Reservoir Filling AndInfusion Medium Delivery”; (ix) U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/602,428, filed Nov. 20, 2006, “Systems And Methods Allowing ForReservoir Filling And Infusion Medium Delivery”; (x) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/602,113, filed Nov. 20, 2006, “Systems AndMethods Allowing For Reservoir Filling And Infusion Medium Delivery”;(xi) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/604,171, filed Nov. 22, 2006,“Infusion Medium Delivery Device And Method With Drive Device ForDriving Plunger In Reservoir”; (xii) U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/604,172, filed Nov. 22, 2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery Device AndMethod With Drive Device For Driving Plunger In Reservoir”; (xiii) U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/606,703, filed Nov. 30, 2006, “InfusionPumps And Methods And Delivery Devices And Methods With Same”; (xiv)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/606,836, filed Nov. 30, 2006,“Infusion Pumps And Methods And Delivery Devices And Methods With Same”;U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/636,384, filed Dec. 8, 2006,“Infusion Medium Delivery Device And Method With Compressible Or CurvedReservoir Or Conduit”; (xv) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/645,993,filed Dec. 26, 2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery Device And Method WithCompressible Or Curved Reservoir Or Conduit”; U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 11/645,972, filed Dec. 26, 2006, “Infusion Medium DeliverySystem, Device And Method With Needle Inserter And Needle InserterDevice And Method”; (xvi) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/646,052,filed Dec. 26, 2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery System, Device And MethodWith Needle Inserter And Needle Inserter Device And Method”; (xvii) U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/645,435, filed Dec. 26, 2006, “InfusionMedium Delivery System, Device And Method With Needle Inserter AndNeedle Inserter Device And Method”; (xviii) U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/646,000, filed Dec. 26, 2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery System,Device And Method With Needle Inserter And Needle Inserter Device AndMethod”; (xix) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/759,725, filed Jun.7, 2007, “Infusion Medium Delivery Device And Method With Drive DeviceFor Driving Plunger In Reservoir”; (xx) U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/606,837, filed Nov. 30, 2006, “Method And Apparatus For Enhancing TheIntegrity Of An Implantable Sensor Device”; (xxi) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/702,713, filed Feb. 5, 2007, “Selective PottingFor Controlled Failure And Electronic Devices Employing The Same”;(xxii) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/843,601, filed Aug. 22, 2007,“System And Method For Sensor Recalibration”; (xxiii) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/868,898, filed Oct. 8, 2007, “MultilayerSubstrate”; (xxiv) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/964,649, filedDec. 26, 2007, “System And Methods Allowing For Reservoir Air BubbleManagement”; (xxv) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/111,751, filedApr. 29, 2008, “Systems And Methods For Reservoir Filling”; (xxvi) U.S.patent application Ser. No. 12/111,815, filed Apr. 29, 2008, “SystemsAnd Methods For Reservoir Air Bubble Management”; (xxvii) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/924,402, filed Oct. 25, 2007, “Sensor SubstrateAnd Method Of Fabricating Same”; (xxviii) U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/929,428, filed Oct. 30, 2007, “Telemetry System And Method WithVariable Parameters”; (xxix) U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/965,578, filed Dec. 27, 2007, “Reservoir Pressure EqualizationSystems And Methods”; (xxx) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/107,580,filed Apr. 22, 2008, “Automative Filling Systems And Methods”; (xxxi)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/964,663, filed Dec. 26, 2007,“Medical Device With Full Options And Selective Enablement/Disablement”;(xxxii) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/180,732, filed Jun. 26,2002, “Communication Station And Software For Interfacing With AnInfusion Pump, Analyte Monitor, Analyte Meter, Or The Like”; (xxxiii)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/099,738, filed Apr. 8, 2008,“Systems And Methods Allowing For Reservoir Air Bubble Management”;(xxxiv) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/027,963, filed Feb. 7, 2008,“Adhesive Patch Systems And Methods”; (xxxv) U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 12/121,647, filed May 15, 2008, “Multi-Lumen Catheter”; (xxxvi)U.S. Patent Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/044,269, filed Apr. 11,2008, “Reservoir Plunger Head Systems And Methods”; (xxxvii) U.S. PatentApplication Ser. No. 61/044,292, filed Apr. 11, 2008, “Reservoir BarrierLayer Systems And Methods”; (xxxviii) U.S. Patent ProvisionalApplication Ser. No. 61/044,322, filed Apr. 11, 2008, “Reservoir SealRetainer Systems And Methods”; (xxxix) U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/179,502, filed Jul. 24, 2008, “Method For Formulating AndImmobilizing A Matrix Protein And A Matrix Protein For Use In A Sensor”;(xl) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/336,367, filed Dec. 16, 2008,“Needle Insertions Systems And Methods”; (xli) U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 12/166,210, filed Jul. 1, 2008, “Electronic Device ForControlled Failure”; (xlii) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/271,134,filed Nov. 14, 2008, “Multilayer Circuit Devices And ManufacturingMethods Using Electroplated Sacrificial Structures”; (xliii) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/171,971, filed Jul. 11, 2008, “Infusion MediumDelivery System, Device And Method With Needle Inserter And NeedleInserter Device And Method”; (xliv) U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/189,077, filed Aug. 8, 2008, “Packaging System”; (xlv) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/179,536, filed Jul. 24, 2008, “Real TimeSelf-Adjusting Calibration Algorithm”; (xlvii) U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 12/277,186, filed Nov. 24, 2008, “Infusion Medium DeliverySystem, Device And Method With Needle Inserter And Needle InserterDevice And Method”; (xlviii) U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/211,783, filed Sep. 16, 2008, “Implantable Sensor Method And System”;(xlix) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/247,945, filed Oct. 8, 2008,“Infusion Medium Delivery Device And Method With Drive Device ForDriving Plunger In Reservoir”; (1) U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/360,077, filed Jan. 26, 2009, “Reservoir Barrier Layer Systems AndMethods”; (li) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/345,362, filed Dec.29, 2008, “Reservoir Seal Retainer Systems And Methods”; (lii) U.S.patent application Ser. No. 12/353,181, filed Jan. 13, 2009, “SystemsAnd Methods Allowing For Reservoir Filling And Infusion MediumDelivery”; (liii) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/360,813, filedJan. 27, 2009, “Multi-Position Infusion Set Device And Process”; (liv)U.S. Patent Pub. No. US 2007/0142776 (application Ser. No. 10/314,653),filed Dec. 9, 2002, “Insertion Device For An Insertion Set and MethodsOf Using The Same.” In other embodiments, the system 10, delivery device12, sensing device 14, CCD 16, and computer 18 may have other suitableconfigurations.

The delivery device 12 may be configured to deliver fluidic media to thebody 5 of the user-patient 7. In various embodiments, fluidic media mayinclude a liquid, a fluid, a gel, or the like. In some embodiments,fluidic media may include a medicine or a drug for treating a disease ora medical condition. For example, fluidic media may include insulin fortreating diabetes, or may include a drug for treating pain, cancer, apulmonary disorder, HIV, or the like. In some embodiments, fluidic mediamay include a nutritional supplement, a dye, a tracing medium, a salinemedium, a hydration medium, or the like.

The sensing device 14 may include a sensor, a monitor, or the like, forproviding sensor data or monitor data. In various embodiments, thesensing device 14 may be configured to sense a condition of theuser-patient 7. For example, the sensing device 14 may includeelectronics and enzymes reactive to a biological condition, such as ablood glucose level, or the like, of the user-patient 7.

In various embodiments, the sensing device 14 may be secured to the body5 of the user-patient 7 or embedded in the body 5 of the user-patient 7at a location that is remote from the location at which the deliverydevice 12 is secured to the body 5 of the user-patient 7. In variousother embodiments, the sensing device 14 may be incorporated within thedelivery device 12. In other embodiments, the sensing device 14 may beseparate and apart from the delivery device, and may be, for example,part of the CCD 16. In such embodiments, the sensing device 14 may beconfigured to receive a biological sample, analyte, or the like, tomeasure a condition of the user-patient 7.

In further embodiments, the sensing device 14 and/or the delivery device12 may utilize a closed-loop system. Examples of sensing devices and/ordelivery devices utilizing closed-loop systems may be found at, but arenot limited to, the following references: (i) U.S. Pat. No. 6,088,608,entitled “Electrochemical Sensor And Integrity Tests Therefor”; (ii)U.S. Pat. No. 6,119,028, entitled “Implantable Enzyme-Based MonitoringSystems Having Improved Longevity Due To Improved Exterior Surfaces”;(iii) U.S. Pat. No. 6,589,229, entitled “Implantable Enzyme-BasedMonitoring Systems Adapted for Long Term Use”; (iv) U.S. Pat. No.6,740,072, entitled “System And Method For Providing Closed LoopInfusion Formulation Delivery”; (v) U.S. Pat. No. 6,827,702, entitled“Safety Limits For Closed-Loop Infusion Pump Control”; (vi) U.S. Pat.No. 7,323,142, entitled “Sensor Substrate And Method Of FabricatingSame”; (vii) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/360,342, filed Jul. 22,1999, entitled “Substrate Sensor”; and (viii) U.S. Provisional PatentApplication Ser. No. 60/318,060, filed Sep. 7, 2001, entitled “SensingApparatus and Process”, all of which are incorporated herein byreference in their entirety.

In such embodiments, the sensing device 14 may be configured to sense acondition of the user-patient 7, such as, but not limited to, bloodglucose level, or the like. The delivery device 12 may be configured todeliver fluidic media in response to the condition sensed by the sensingdevice 14. In turn, the sensing device 14 may continue to sense a newcondition of the user-patient, allowing the delivery device 12 todeliver fluidic media continuously in response to the new conditionsensed by the sensing device 14 indefinitely. In some embodiments, thesensing device 14 and/or the delivery device 12 may be configured toutilize the closed-loop system only for a portion of the day, forexample only when the user-patient is asleep or awake.

Each of the delivery device 12, the sensing device 14, the CCD 16, andthe computer 18 may include transmitter, receiver, or transceiverelectronics that allow for communication with other components of thesystem 10. The sensing device 14 may be configured to transmit sensordata or monitor data to the delivery device 12. The sensing device 14may also be configured to communicate with the CCD 16. The deliverydevice 12 may include electronics and software that are configured toanalyze sensor data and to deliver fluidic media to the body 5 of theuser-patient 7 based on the sensor data and/or preprogrammed deliveryroutines.

The CCD 16 and the computer 18 may include electronics and othercomponents configured to perform processing, delivery routine storage,and to control the delivery device 12. By including control functions inthe CCD 16 and/or the computer 18, the delivery device 12 may be madewith more simplified electronics. However, in some embodiments, thedelivery device 12 may include all control functions, and may operatewithout the CCD 16 and the computer 18. In various embodiments, the CCD16 may be a portable electronic device. In addition, in variousembodiments, the delivery device 12 and/or the sensing device 14 may beconfigured to transmit data to the CCD 16 and/or the computer 18 fordisplay or processing of the data by the CCD 16 and/or the computer 18.

In some embodiments, the sensing device 14 may be integrated into theCCD 16. Such embodiments may allow the user-patient to monitor acondition by providing, for example, a sample of his or her blood to thesensing device 14 to assess his or her condition. In some embodiments,the sensing device 14 and the CCD 16 may be for determining glucoselevels in the blood and/or body fluids of the user-patient without theuse of, or necessity of, a wire or cable connection between the deliverydevice 12 and the sensing device 14 and/or the CCD 16.

In some embodiments, the CCD 16 may be for providing information to theuser-patient that facilitates the user-patient's subsequent use of adrug delivery system. For example, the CCD 16 may provide information tothe user-patient to allow the user-patient to determine the rate or doseof medication to be administered into the body of the user-patient. Inother embodiments, the CCD 16 may provide information to the deliverydevice 12 to control the rate or dose of medication administered intothe body of the user-patient

Examples of the types of communications and/or control capabilities, aswell as device feature sets and/or program options may be found in thefollowing references: (i) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/445,477,filed May 27, 2003, entitled “External Infusion Device with RemoteProgramming, Bolus Estimator and/or Vibration Alarm Capabilities”; (ii)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/429,385, filed May 5, 2003, entitled“Handheld Personal Data Assistant (PDA) with a Medical Device and Methodof Using the Same”; and (iii) U.S. patent application Ser. No.09/813,660, filed Mar. 21, 2001, entitled “Control Tabs for InfusionDevices and Methods of Using the Same,” all of which are incorporatedherein by reference in their entirety.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of the system 10 in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention. The system 10 in accordance withthe embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 includes the delivery device 12 andthe sensing device 14. The delivery device 12 in accordance with anembodiment of the present invention may include a disposable housing 20,a durable housing 30, and a reservoir system 40. The delivery device 12may further include an infusion path 50.

Elements of the delivery device 12 that ordinarily contact the body of auser-patient or that ordinarily contact fluidic media during operationof the delivery device 12 may be considered as a disposable portion ofthe delivery device 12. For example, a disposable portion of thedelivery device 12 may include the disposable housing 20 and thereservoir system 40. The disposable portion of the delivery device 12may be recommended for disposal after a specified number of uses.

On the other hand, elements of the delivery device 12 that do notordinarily contact the body of the user-patient or fluidic media duringoperation of the delivery device 12 may be considered as a durableportion of the delivery device 12. For example, a durable portion of thedelivery device 12 may include the durable housing 30, electronics (notshown in FIG. 2), a drive device having a motor and drive linkage (notshown in FIG. 2), and the like. Elements of the durable housing portionof the delivery device 12 are typically not contaminated from contactwith the user-patient or fluidic media during normal operation of thedelivery device 12 and, thus, may be retained for re-use with replaceddisposable portions of the delivery device 12.

In various embodiments, the disposable housing 20 may support thereservoir system 40 and has a bottom surface (facing downward and intothe page in FIG. 2) configured to secure to the body of theuser-patient. An adhesive may be employed at an interface between thebottom surface of the disposable housing 20 and the skin of theuser-patient to adhere the disposable housing 20 to the skin of theuser-patient. In various embodiments, the adhesive may be provided onthe bottom surface of the disposable housing 20, with a peelable coverlayer covering the adhesive material. In this manner, the cover layermay be peeled off to expose the adhesive material, and the adhesive sideof the disposable housing 20 may be placed against the user-patient, forexample against the skin of the user-patient. Thus in some embodiments,the delivery device 12 may be attached to the skin of the user-patient.

In other embodiments, the disposable housing 20 and/or the remainingportions of the delivery device 12 may be worn or otherwise attached onor underneath clothing of the user-patient. Similarly, the deliverydevice 12 may be supported by any suitable manner, such as, but notlimited to, on a belt, in a pocket, and the like. Representativeexamples of such delivery devices 12, and delivery devices in general,may include, but is not limited to, the MiniMed Paradigm 522 InsulinPump, MiniMed Paradigm 722 Insulin Pump, MiniMed Paradigm 515 InsulinPump, MiniMed Paradigm 715 Insulin Pump, MiniMed Paradigm 512R InsulinPump, MiniMed Paradigm 712R Insulin Pump, MiniMed 508 Insulin Pump,MiniMed 508R Insulin Pump, and any other derivatives thereof.

The reservoir system 40 may be configured for containing or holdingfluidic media, such as, but not limited to insulin. In variousembodiments, the reservoir system 40 may include a hollow interiorvolume for receiving fluidic media, such as, but not limited to, acylinder-shaped volume, a tubular-shaped volume, or the like. In someembodiments, the reservoir system 40 may be provided as a cartridge orcanister for containing fluidic media. In various embodiments, thereservoir system 40 can be refilled with fluidic media. In furtherembodiments, the reservoir system 40 is pre-filled with fluidic media.

The reservoir system 40 may be supported by the disposable housing 20 inany suitable manner. For example, the disposable housing 20 may beprovided with projections or struts (not shown), or a trough feature(not shown), for holding the reservoir system 40. In some embodiments,the reservoir system 40 may be supported by the disposable housing 20 ina manner that allows the reservoir system 40 to be removed from thedisposable housing 20 and replaced with another reservoir.Alternatively, or in addition, the reservoir system 40 may be secured tothe disposable housing 20 by a suitable adhesive, a strap, or othercoupling structure.

In various embodiments, the reservoir system 40 may include at least oneport 41 for allowing fluidic media to flow into and/or flow out of theinterior volume of the reservoir system 40. In some embodiments, theinfusion path 50 may include a connector 56, a tube 54, and a needleapparatus 52. The connector 56 of the infusion path 50 may beconnectable to the port 41 of the reservoir system 40. In variousembodiments, the disposable housing 20 may be configured with an openingnear the port 41 of the reservoir system 40 for allowing the connector56 of the infusion path 50 to be selectively connected to anddisconnected from the port 41 of the reservoir system 40.

In various embodiments, the port 41 of the reservoir system 40 may becovered with or supports a septum (not shown in FIG. 2), such as aself-sealing septum, or the like. The septum may be configured toprevent fluidic media from flowing out of the reservoir system 40through the port 41 when the septum is not pierced. In addition, invarious embodiments, the connector 56 of the infusion path 50 mayinclude a needle for piercing the septum covering the port 41 of thereservoir system 40 to allow fluidic media to flow out of the interiorvolume of the reservoir system 40.

Examples of needle/septum connectors can be found in U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 10/328,393, filed Dec. 22, 2003, entitled“Reservoir Connector,” which is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety. In other alternatives, non-septum connectors such as Luerlocks, or the like may be used. In various embodiments, the needleapparatus 52 of the infusion path 50 may include a needle that is ableto puncture the skin of the user-patient. In addition, in variousembodiments, the tube 54 connects the connector 56 with the needleapparatus 52 and may be hollow, such that the infusion path 50 is ableto provide a path to allow for the delivery of fluidic media from thereservoir system 40 to the body of a user-patient.

The durable housing 30 of the delivery device 12 in accordance withvarious embodiments of the present invention includes a housing shellconfigured to mate with and secure to the disposable housing 20. Thedurable housing 30 and the disposable housing 20 may be provided withcorrespondingly shaped grooves, notches, tabs, or other suitablefeatures that allow the two parts to connect together easily, bymanually pressing the two housings together, by twist or threadedconnection, or other suitable manner of connecting the parts that iswell known in the mechanical arts.

In various embodiments, the durable housing 30 and the disposablehousing 20 may be connected to each other using a twist action. Thedurable housing 30 and the disposable housing 20 may be configured to beseparable from each other when a sufficient force is applied todisconnect the two housings from each other. For example, in someembodiments the disposable housing 20 and the durable housing 30 may besnapped together by friction fitting. In various embodiments, a suitableseal, such as an o-ring seal, may be placed along a peripheral edge ofthe durable housing 30 and/or the disposable housing 20 to provide aseal against water entering between the durable housing 30 and thedisposable housing 20.

The durable housing 30 of the delivery device 12 may support a drivedevice (not shown in FIG. 2), including a motor and a drive devicelinkage portion, for applying a force to fluidic media within thereservoir system 40 to force fluidic media out of the reservoir system40 and into an infusion path, such as the infusion path 50, for deliveryto a user-patient. For example, in some embodiments, an electricallydriven motor may be mounted within the durable housing 30 withappropriate linkage for operatively coupling the motor to a plunger arm(not shown in FIG. 2) connected to a plunger head (not shown in FIG. 2)that is within the reservoir system 40 and to drive the plunger head ina direction to force fluidic media out of the port 41 of the reservoirsystem 40 and to the user-patient.

Also, in some embodiments, the motor may be controllable to reversedirection to move the plunger arm and the plunger head to cause fluid tobe drawn into the reservoir system 40 from a patient. The motor may bearranged within the durable housing 30 and the reservoir system 40 maybe correspondingly arranged on the disposable housing 20, such that theoperable engagement of the motor with the plunger head, through theappropriate linkage, occurs automatically upon the user-patientconnecting the durable housing 30 with the disposable housing 20 of thedelivery device 12. Further examples of linkage and control structuresmay be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/813,660, filed Mar.21, 2001, entitled “Control Tabs for Infusion Devices and Methods ofUsing the Same,” which is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety.

In various embodiments, the durable housing 30 and the disposablehousing 20 may be made of suitably rigid materials that maintain theirshape, yet provide sufficient flexibility and resilience to effectivelyconnect together and disconnect, as described above. The material of thedisposable housing 20 may be selected for suitable compatibility withskin. For example, the disposable housing 20 and the durable housing 30of the delivery device 12 may be made of any suitable plastic, metal,composite material, or the like. The disposable housing 20 may be madeof the same type of material or a different material relative to thedurable housing 30. In some embodiments, the disposable housing 20 andthe durable housing 30 may be manufactured by injection molding or othermolding processes, machining processes, or combinations thereof

For example, the disposable housing 20 may be made of a relativelyflexible material, such as a flexible silicone, plastic, rubber,synthetic rubber, or the like. By forming the disposable housing 20 of amaterial capable of flexing with the skin of a user-patient, a greaterlevel of user-patient comfort may be achieved when the disposablehousing 20 is secured to the skin of the user-patient. In addition, aflexible disposable housing 20 may result in an increase in site optionson the body of the user-patient at which the disposable housing 20 maybe secured.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the delivery device 12 isconnected to the sensing device 14 through a connection element 17 ofthe sensing device 14. The sensing device 14 may include a sensor 15that includes any suitable biological or environmental sensing device,depending upon a nature of a treatment to be administered by thedelivery device 12. For example, in the context of delivering insulin toa diabetes patient, the sensor 15 may include a blood glucose sensor, orthe like.

In some embodiments, the sensor 15 may include a continuous glucosesensor. The continuous glucose sensor may be implantable within the bodyof the user-patient. In other embodiments, the continuous glucose sensormay be located externally, for example on the skin of the user-patient,or attached to clothing of the user-patient. In such embodiments, fluidmay be drawn continually from the user-patient and sensed by thecontinuous glucose sensor. In various embodiments, the continuousglucose sensor may be configured to sense and/or communicate with theCCD 16 continuously. In other embodiments, the continuous glucose sensormay be configured to sense and/or communicate with the CCD 16intermittently, for example sense glucose levels and transmitinformation every few minutes. In various embodiments, the continuousglucose sensor may utilize glucose oxidase.

The sensor 15 may be an external sensor that secures to the skin of auser-patient or, in other embodiments, may be an implantable sensor thatis located in an implant site within the body of the user-patient. Infurther alternatives, the sensor may be included with as a part or alongside the infusion cannula and/or needle, such as for example as shown inU.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/149,119, filed Jun. 8, 2005,entitled “Dual Insertion Set,” which is incorporated herein by referencein its entirety. In the illustrated example of FIG. 2, the sensor 15 isan external sensor having a disposable needle pad that includes a needlefor piercing the skin of the user-patient and enzymes and/or electronicsreactive to a biological condition, such as blood glucose level or thelike, of the user-patient. In this manner, the delivery device 12 may beprovided with sensor data from the sensor 15 secured to the user-patientat a site remote from the location at which the delivery device 12 issecured to the user-patient.

While the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 may include a sensor 15 connectedby the connection element 17 for providing sensor data to sensorelectronics (not shown in FIG. 2) located within the durable housing 30of the delivery device 12, other embodiments may employ a sensor 15located within the delivery device 12. Yet other embodiments may employa sensor 15 having a transmitter for communicating sensor data by awireless communication link with receiver electronics (not shown in FIG.2) located within the durable housing 30 of the delivery device 12. Invarious embodiments, a wireless connection between the sensor 15 and thereceiver electronics within the durable housing 30 of the deliverydevice 12 may include a radio frequency (RF) connection, an opticalconnection, or another suitable wireless communication link. Furtherembodiments need not employ the sensing device 14 and, instead, mayprovide fluidic media delivery functions without the use of sensor data.

As described above, by separating disposable elements of the deliverydevice 12 from durable elements, the disposable elements may be arrangedon the disposable housing 20, while durable elements may be arrangedwithin a separable durable housing 30. In this regard, after aprescribed number of uses of the delivery device 12, the disposablehousing 20 may be separated from the durable housing 30, so that thedisposable housing 20 may be disposed of in a proper manner. The durablehousing 30 may then be mated with a new (un-used) disposable housing 20for further delivery operation with a user-patient.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of the delivery device 12 in accordancewith another embodiment of the present invention. The delivery device 12of the embodiment of FIG. 3 is similar to the delivery device 12 of theembodiment of FIG. 2. While the delivery device 12 in the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 2 provides for the durable housing 30 to cover thereservoir system 40, the delivery device 12 in the embodiment of FIG. 3provides for the durable housing 30 to secure to the disposable housing20 without covering the reservoir system 40. The delivery device 12 ofthe embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 includes the disposable housing 20,and the disposable housing 20 in accordance with the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 3 includes a base 21 and a reservoir retainingportion 24. In one embodiment, the base 21 and reservoir retainingportion 24 may be formed as a single, unitary structure.

The base 21 of the disposable housing 20 may be configured to besecurable to a body of a user-patient. The reservoir-retaining portion24 of the disposable housing 20 is configured to house the reservoirsystem 40. The reservoir-retaining portion 24 of the disposable housing20 may be configured to have an opening to allow for the port 41 of thereservoir system 40 to be accessed from outside of thereservoir-retaining portion 24 while the reservoir system 40 is housedin the reservoir-retaining portion 24. The durable housing 30 may beconfigured to be attachable to and detachable from the base 21 of thedisposable housing 20. The delivery device 12 in the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 3 includes a plunger arm 60 that is connected to orthat is connectable to a plunger head (not shown in FIG. 3) within thereservoir system 40.

FIG. 4 illustrates another view of the delivery device 12 of theembodiment of FIG. 3. The delivery device 12 of the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 4 includes the disposable housing 20, the durablehousing 30, and the infusion path 50. The disposable housing 20 in theembodiment of FIG. 4 includes the base 21, the reservoir-retainingportion 24, and a peelable cover layer 25. The peelable cover layer 25may cover an adhesive material on the bottom surface 22 of the base 21.The peelable cover layer 25 may be configured to be peelable by auser-patient to expose the adhesive material on the bottom surface 22 ofthe base 21. In some embodiments, there may be multiple adhesive layerson the bottom surface 22 of the base 21 that are separated by peelablelayers.

The infusion path 50 in accordance with the embodiment of the presentinvention illustrated in FIG. 4 includes the needle 58 rather than theconnector 56, the tube 54, and the needle apparatus 52 as shown in theembodiment of FIG. 2. The base 21 of the disposable housing 20 may beprovided with an opening or pierceable wall in alignment with a tip ofthe needle 58, to allow the needle 58 to pass through the base 21 andinto the skin of a user-patient under the base 21, when extended. Inthis manner, the needle 58 may be used to pierce the skin of theuser-patient and deliver fluidic media to the user-patient.

Alternatively, the needle 58 may be extended through a hollow cannula(not shown in FIG. 4), such that upon piercing the skin of theuser-patient with the needle 58, an end of the hollow cannula is guidedthrough the skin of the user-patient by the needle 58. Thereafter, theneedle 58 may be removed, leaving the hollow cannula in place, with oneend of the cannula located within the body of the user-patient and theother end of the cannula in fluid flow connection with fluidic mediawithin the reservoir system 40, to convey pumped infusion media from thereservoir system 40 to the body of the user-patient.

FIG. 5A illustrates a durable portion 8 of the delivery device 12 (referto FIG. 3) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.FIG. 5B illustrates a section view of the durable portion 8 inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5Cillustrates another section view of the durable portion 8 in accordancewith an embodiment of the present invention. With reference to FIGS. 5A,5B, and 5C, in various embodiments, the durable portion 8 may includethe durable housing 30, and a drive device 80. The drive device 80 mayinclude a motor 84 and a drive device linkage portion 82.

In various embodiments, the durable housing 30 may include an interiorvolume for housing the motor 84, the drive device linkage portion 82,other electronic circuitry, and a power source (not shown in FIGS. 5A,5B, and 5C). In addition, in various embodiments, the durable housing 30may be configured with an opening 32 for receiving a plunger arm 60(refer to FIG. 3). In addition, in various embodiments, the durablehousing 30 may include one or more connection members 34, such as tabs,insertion holes, or the like, for connecting with the base 21 of thedisposable housing 20 (refer to FIG. 3).

FIG. 6A illustrates a disposable portion 9 of the delivery device 12(refer to FIG. 3) in accordance with an embodiment of the presentinvention. FIG. 6B illustrates a section view of the disposable portion9 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6Cillustrates another section view of the disposable portion 9 inaccordance with an embodiment of the present invention. With referenceto FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C, in various embodiments, the disposable portion9 includes the disposable housing 20, the reservoir system 40, theplunger arm 60, and a plunger head 70. In some embodiments, thedisposable housing 20 may include the base 21 and thereservoir-retaining portion 24. In various embodiments, the base 21 mayinclude a top surface 23 having one or more connection members 26, suchas tabs, grooves, or the like, for allowing connections with the one ormore connection members 34 of embodiments of the durable housing 30(refer to FIG. 5B).

In various embodiments, the reservoir system 40 may be housed within thereservoir retaining portion 24 of the disposable housing 20, and thereservoir system 40 may be configured to hold fluidic media. Inaddition, in various embodiments, the plunger head 70 may be disposed atleast partially within the reservoir system 40 and may be moveablewithin the reservoir system 40 to allow fluidic media to fill into thereservoir system 40 and to force fluidic media out of the reservoirsystem 40. In some embodiments, the plunger arm 60 may be connected toor is connectable to the plunger head 70.

Also, in some embodiments, a portion of the plunger arm 60 may extend tooutside of the reservoir-retaining portion 24 of the disposable housing20. In various embodiments, the plunger arm 60 may have a mating portionfor mating with the drive device linkage portion 82 of the drive device80 (refer to FIG. 5C). With reference to FIGS. 5C and 6C, in someembodiments, the durable housing 30 may be snap fitted onto thedisposable housing 20, whereupon the drive device linkage portion 82automatically engages the mating portion of the plunger arm 60.

When the durable housing 30 and the disposable housing 20 are fittedtogether with the drive device linkage portion 82 engaging or matingwith the plunger arm 60, the motor 84 may be controlled to drive thedrive device linkage portion 82 and, thus, move the plunger arm 60 tocause the plunger head 70 to move within the reservoir system 40. Whenthe interior volume of the reservoir system 40 is filled with fluidicmedia and an infusion path is provided from the reservoir system 40 tothe body of a user-patient, the plunger head 70 may be moved within thereservoir system 40 to force fluidic media from the reservoir system 40and into the infusion path, so as to deliver fluidic media to the bodyof the user-patient.

In various embodiments, once the reservoir system 40 has beensufficiently emptied or otherwise requires replacement, the user-patientmay simply remove the durable housing 30 from the disposable housing 20,and replace the disposable portion 9, including the reservoir system 40,with a new disposable portion having a new reservoir. The durablehousing 30 may be connected to the new disposable housing of the newdisposable portion, and the delivery device including the new disposableportion may be secured to the skin of a user-patient, or otherwiseattached to the user-patient.

In various other embodiments, rather than replacing the entiredisposable portion 9 every time the reservoir system 40 is emptied, thereservoir system 40 may be refilled with fluidic media. In someembodiments, the reservoir system 40 may be refilled while remainingwithin the reservoir retaining portion 24 (refer to FIG. 6B) of thedisposable housing 20. In addition, in various embodiments, thereservoir system 40 may be replaced with a new reservoir (not shown),while the disposable housing 20 may be re-used with the new reservoir.In such embodiments, the new reservoir may be inserted into thedisposable portion 9.

With reference to FIGS. 3, 5A, 6B, and 6C, in various embodiments, thedelivery device 12 may include reservoir status circuitry (not shown),and the reservoir system 40 may include reservoir circuitry (not shown).In various embodiments, the reservoir circuitry stores information suchas, but not limited to, at least one of (i) an identification stringidentifying the reservoir system 40; (ii) a manufacturer of thereservoir system 40; (iii) contents of the reservoir system 40; and (iv)an amount of contents in the reservoir system 40. In some embodiments,the delivery device 12 may include the reservoir status circuitry (notshown), and the reservoir status circuitry may be configured to readdata from the reservoir circuitry (not shown) when the reservoir system40 is inserted into the disposable portion 9.

In various embodiments, the reservoir status circuitry (not shown) maybe further configured to store data to the reservoir circuitry after atleast some of the contents of the reservoir system 40 have beentransferred out of the reservoir system 40 to update information in thereservoir circuitry (not shown) related to an amount of contents stillremaining in the reservoir system 40. In some embodiments, the reservoirstatus circuitry (not shown) may be configured to store data to thereservoir circuitry (not shown) to update information in the reservoircircuitry (not shown) related to an amount of contents remaining in thereservoir system 40 when the reservoir system 40 is inserted into thedisposable portion 9. In some embodiments, the delivery device 12 mayinclude the reservoir status circuitry (not shown) and the reservoirsystem 40 may include the reservoir circuitry (not shown), and thereservoir status circuitry (not shown) may selectively inhibit use ofthe delivery device 12 or may selectively provide a warning signal basedon information read by the reservoir status circuitry (not shown) fromthe reservoir circuitry (not shown).

Aspects of the present invention relate, generally, to needle inserteror inserting devices and methods and medical devices, such as, but notlimited to sensors, monitors and infusion medium delivery systems,devices and methods that include such needle-inserting devices andmethods. The needle-inserting device and method may operate to insert aneedle or cannula through skin of a user-patient, for example, toprovide a fluid flow path for conveying an infusion medium through ahollow channel in the needle or cannula and into the user-patient and/orto convey a fluid from the user-patient to one or more sensor elements.Embodiments of the present invention may be configured, as describedherein, to provide a reliable, cost effective, and easy-to-use mechanismfor inserting a needle or cannula to a specific depth into auser-patient with minimal traumatic effect.

In addition, embodiments may be configured to establish a contiguousfluid flow passage for fluid transfer between a reservoir and theuser-patient when the hollow needle or cannula is inserted into theuser-patient. Needle-inserting devices according to embodiments of thepresent invention may be used with, connectable to and disconnectablefrom, or incorporated in a portion of an infusion medium deliverysystem. For example, a needle-inserting device may be connectable to abase structure of a pump-type delivery device for insertion of a needle,after which the needle-inserting device may be removed from the basestructure, whereupon a further housing portion of the delivery device(containing components such as, but not limited to, a reservoir and pumpor drive device) may be coupled to the base structure for operation.

Alternatively, the needle-inserting device may be incorporated into thefurther housing portion that contains other components as describedabove. In yet other embodiments, the needle-inserting device may beconnectable to (and releasable from) or incorporated within an injectionsite module or other housing that connects, for example, by flexibletubing, to other components of a medical device (such as, but notlimited to an infusion medium delivery device). In yet otherembodiments, needle inserter devices may be configured for use withsystems other than infusion medium delivery systems, such as, but notlimited to sensor and monitor systems, or the like.

The structures and methods described with respect to FIGS. 7-16 and17-26 may be employed in any suitable device or system in which twomembers that, at some period of time, are not connected in fluid flowcommunication, are to be connected together in a manner that allowsfluid to flow from one member to the other. In one example embodiment,the structure and method is described with respect to a first memberincluding a fluid reservoir for containing an infusion medium that maybe connectable to a second member including an injection site structurein which a hollow needle or cannula is or may be inserted into auser-patient, for conveying fluid media to the user-patient. However, aconnection structure according to embodiments of the present inventionmay be employed to connect any two (or more) members together for fluidflow communication with each other.

In FIGS. 7-12, an example of a structure 100 and method for connectingtwo members in fluid flow communication is described with reference to afirst member 102 and a second member 103. The first member 102 mayinclude a housing 104 on a base 106. The housing 104 may be formedintegral with the base 106 or may be formed as a separate structureconnected to the base 106 in a fixed relation to the base 106. Thehousing 104 and the base 106 each may be made of any suitably rigidmaterial, including, but not limited to plastic, metal, ceramic,composite material, or the like.

The housing 104 may include an injection site section 105 containing aninjection site structure in which a hollow needle or cannula may beinserted into a user-patient for conveying fluidic media to or from theuser-patient. The housing 104 may be made of a material of suitablestrength and durability such as, but not limited to, plastic, metal,glass, or the like. In other embodiments, instead of or in addition toan injection site, the housing 104 may contain, be part of, or beoperatively connected to any other suitable structure for conveying,containing, and/or processing fluidic media.

The second member 103 may also include a housing 108, which in theillustrated embodiment may include a reservoir 107 for containingfluidic media. The reservoir 107 may be configured and/or made ofmaterials as previously described with respect to reservoir system 40(e.g., FIGS. 1-6C). The second member 103 may be held within orotherwise be covered by an outer housing 109 configured to attach to thebase 106. The outer housing 109 may be configured to connect to the base106 of the first member 102 by any suitable connection structure.

In particular embodiments, at least one of the outer housing 109 and thebase 106 may include one or more flexible pawls, protrusions,indentations, or the like for engaging and/or receiving one or morecorresponding pawls, protrusions, indentations, or the like on the otherof the base 106 and the outer housing 109 to provide a suitableconnection structure. Alternatively or in addition, the connectionstructure may include adhesive material or other suitable connectors.

In other embodiments, the housing 108 may be or be connected to a sensorhousing (not shown) containing sensor components. In yet otherembodiments, the housing 108 may contain, be part of, or be operativelyconnected to any other suitable structure for conveying, containing,and/or processing fluidic media. The housing 108 may be made of anysuitably rigid material, including, but not limited to, plastic, metal,ceramic, composite material, or the like.

The housing 104 may have or be connected to a receptacle structure 110.The receptacle structure 110 may have an opening 112 leading into achamber 114 within the receptacle structure 110. In some embodiments,the receptacle structure 110 may be part of the housing 104 adjacent asection of the housing 104 containing the injection site section 105. Inother embodiments, the receptacle structure 110 may include a furtherhousing connected to the housing 104.

The receptacle structure 110 may include a first septum 116 locatedwithin the chamber 114 and may be moveable within the chamber 114 towardand away from the opening 112. The receptacle structure 110 may alsoinclude a bias mechanism 118, which may apply a bias force on the firstseptum 116 in a direction toward the opening 112. The bias mechanism 118may be arranged for forcing the first septum 116 against the opening112. One or more annular protrusions or one or more appropriately shapedor positioned protrusions 120 adjacent the opening 112 may be providedto inhibit the first septum 116 from being forced out of the chamber 114through the opening 112 by the force of the bias mechanism 118.

The first septum 116 may have a front surface 116 a that is at leastpartially exposed through the opening 112 when the first septum 116 isurged against the opening 112 by the bias mechanism 118. The firstseptum 116 may have a back surface 116 b facing toward an interior ofthe chamber 114. The first septum 116 may be made of any suitablematerial that may be pierceable by a needle, such as, but not limitedto, a natural or synthetic rubber material, silicon, or the like. Insome embodiments, the first septum 116 may be made of a self-sealingmaterial capable of sealing itself after a needle has pierced the firstseptum 116 and was subsequently withdrawn from the first septum 116.

In some embodiments, the bias mechanism 118 may be a coil spring locatedwithin the chamber 114 on an opposite side of the first septum 116 withrespect to the front surface 116 a. In other embodiments, the biasmechanism 118 may be provided in any suitable manner for biasing thefirst septum 116 toward the opening 112. These may include, but are notlimited to, other types of springs, pressurized fluid within the chamber114, a collapsible skirt structure extending from the first septum 116with a natural or built-in spring force, chemical, substance thatexpands upon contact with another chemical or substance, or uponapplication of energy from an energy source such as a heat, laser, orother radiation source, or the like. For example, in some embodiments,the first septum 116 may have a flexible accordion-like configuration toallow expansion and contraction of the skirt structure.

A needle 124 may be supported within the chamber 114. The needle 124 maybe hollow and may have a sharp end 124 a directed toward the backsurface 116 b of the first septum 116. In some embodiments, the needle124 may be supported within the bias mechanism 118 such that alongitudinal axial dimension of the needle 124 extends generallyparallel to a longitudinal axial dimension of the bias mechanism 118.

The needle 124 may be supported by a supporting structure located withinthe receptacle structure 110. In some embodiments, the supportingstructure may be a wall integral with the receptacle structure 110. Thesupporting structure may be located, for example, on an opposite end ofthe chamber 114 relative to the end of the chamber 114 at which theopening 112 is located. In other embodiments, the supporting structuremay be any suitable structure that is generally fixed relative to thereceptacle structure 110 and is able to support the needle 124 in agenerally fixed relation to the receptacle structure 110.

The needle 124 may be made of any suitably rigid material, including,but not limited to metal, plastic, ceramic, or the like, and may have ahollow channel extending in a lengthwise dimension of the needle 124.The hollow channel in the needle 124 may be open on the sharp end 124 aof the needle 124 and may be open at another location 124 b along thelengthwise dimension of the needle 124, such as, but not limited to, theneedle end opposite the sharp end 124 a. The hollow channel in theneedle 124 may provide a fluid flow path between the sharp end 124 a ofthe needle 124 and the opening 124 b of the needle 124. In someembodiments, the opening 124 b of the needle 124 may be connected influid flow communication with a manifold 128 in the injection sitesection 105.

The housing 108 of the second member 103 may include a connectionportion 130 having a hollow interior chamber 132 and an opening 134 intothe interior chamber 132. A second septum 136 may be supported by thehousing 108 to seal the opening 134. The second septum 136 may besupported in a fixed relation to the housing 108, for example, withinthe housing 108 at one end of the interior chamber 132.

The connection portion 130 of the housing 108 may have a suitable shapeand size to fit at least partially within the opening 112 of thereceptacle structure 110 in the first member 102 when the first member102 and the second member 103 are connected together. In the drawings ofFIGS. 7 and 8, the first member 102 and the second member 103 are shownin a separated, disconnected relation, wherein the connection portion130 of the housing 108 is outside of the opening 112 of the receptaclestructure 110. By moving the first member 102 and the second member 103together to insert the connection portion 130 into the opening 112 ofthe housing 108 an end surface of the connection portion 130 may beurged against the first septum 116. This may cause the moveable firstseptum 116 to move relative to the housing 108 against the force of thebias mechanism 118 toward the interior of the chamber 114. As the firstseptum 116 is moved toward the interior of the housing 108, the sharpend 124 a of the needle 124 may pierce the first septum 116. Continuedrelative movement of the first member 102 and the second member 103together may cause the sharp end 124 a of the needle 124 to pass throughthe first septum 116 in the first member 102, then pierce, and passthrough the second septum 136 in the second member 103.

When the first member 102 and the second member 103 are brought together(e.g., FIG. 9), at least a portion of the connection portion 130 mayextend inside of the receptacle structure 110. With reference to FIGS. 8and 9, the needle 124 may pierce the first septum 116 and the secondseptum 136 to form a fluid flow path between the interior chamber 132 ofthe connection portion 130 and the manifold 128 or other structure atthe opening 124 b of the needle 124. The receptacle structure 110 andthe connection portion 130 may be provided with mating connectors thatprovide, for example, a snap or friction connection upon the firstmember 102 and the second member 103 being brought together as shown inFIG. 9. In some embodiments, the mating connectors may include aprotrusion (not shown) on one or the other of the receptacle structure110 and the connection portion 130. The other of the receptaclestructure 110 and the connection portion 130 may include a groove orindentation (not shown) arranged to engage each other in a snap-fittingmanner upon the connection portion 130 being extended into thereceptacle structure 110 a suitable distance.

As mentioned above, in some embodiments, the opening 124 b of the needle124 may be connected in fluid flow communication with the manifold 128in the injection site section 105. The injection site section 105 mayinclude a channel 140 extending through the housing 104 and the base106. The channel 140 may have an open end 140 a on a bottom surface(relative to the orientation shown in FIG. 8) of the base 106. Thechannel 140 may have another open end 140 b at an upper surface(relative to the orientation shown in FIG. 8) of the injection sitesection 105 of the housing 104.

The manifold 128 may be located along a length of the channel 140 andmay be in fluid flow communication with the channel 140. Accordingly,the needle 124 may be arranged in fluid flow communication with theinterior of the channel 140 through the manifold 128. The channel 140may include a channel section 142 having a larger radial dimensionrelative to a remaining portion of the channel 140 and may have asuitable shape and size to receive a needle and/or cannula, as will bedescribed later. The manifold 128 may be made of a material of suitablestrength and durability such as, but not limited to, plastic, metal,glass, or the like.

A needle-inserting device 144 may be located adjacent the open end 140 bof the channel 140 and arranged to selectively extend a needle and/orcannula into the open end 140 b of the channel 140 and at leastpartially through the channel 140 as will be described. In variousembodiments, the needle-inserting device 144 may be configured to beintegral with or otherwise fixed to the section 105 of the housing 104of the first member 102. In other embodiments, the needle-insertingdevice 144 may be a separate device from the housing 104 and may beselectively engaged or connected to, for example in alignment with thechannel 140 (e.g., FIG. 8), and disengaged or disconnected from theinjection site section 105 of the housing 104.

In embodiments in which the needle-inserting device 144 is a separatestructure that connects to and disconnects from the injection sitesection 105, a suitable connection structure may be provided on theneedle-inserting device 144 and/or the injection site section 105 toprovide a manually releasable connection between those components. Forexample, the connection structure may include, but is not limited to, athreaded extension on one or the other of the needle-inserting device144 and the injection site section 105 and a corresponding threadedreceptacle on the other of the injection site section 105 and theneedle-inserting device 144 for receiving and mating with the threadedextension in threaded engagement. In other embodiments, other suitableconnection structures may be employed, including, but not limited to,flexible pawls or extensions on one or the other of the needle-insertingdevice 144 and the injection site section 105 and a correspondingaperture, stop surface, or the like on the other of the other of theinjection site section 105 and the needle-inserting device 144 orfriction fitting engageable portions on each of the section 105 andneedle-inserting device 144.

In the drawing of FIG. 8, the needle-inserting device 144 is shown asconnected to the injection site section 105 with a needle 146 and acannula 148 in a retracted state. With reference to FIGS. 7-16, theneedle-inserting device 144 may be operated to selectively move theneedle 146 and the cannula 148 from the retracted state (e.g., FIG. 8)to an extended state (e.g., FIG. 13) in which the needle 146 and thecannula 148 extend through the opening 140 b of the channel 140 and atleast partially through the channel 140 such that a sharp end 146 a ofthe needle 146 and at least a portion of the length of the cannula 148extend out the opening 140 a of the channel 140.

Various examples of suitable structures for needle-inserting devices aredescribed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/645,435, filed Dec. 26,2006, entitled “Infusion Medium Delivery System, Device And Method WithNeedle Inserter And Needle Inserter Device And Method,” which isassigned to the assignee of the present invention and is incorporatedherein by reference in its entirety. Further examples of variousneedle-inserting devices are described in, but are not limited to, U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/645,972, filed Dec. 26, 2006, “InfusionMedium Delivery System, Device And Method With Needle Inserter AndNeedle Inserter Device And Method”; U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/646,052, filed Dec. 26, 2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery System,Device And Method With Needle Inserter And Needle Inserter Device AndMethod”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/645,435, filed Dec. 26,2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery System, Device And Method With NeedleInserter And Needle Inserter Device And Method”; U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 11/646,000, filed Dec. 26, 2006, “Infusion Medium DeliverySystem, Device And Method With Needle Inserter And Needle InserterDevice And Method,”, all of which are herein incorporated by referencein its entirety. Other examples of suitable structures forneedle-inserting devices are described herein.

The cannula 148 may have a hollow central channel 148 c extending alonga longitudinal length of the cannula 148 and open at one end 148 a thatmay be adjacent the sharp end 146 a of the needle 146. An end 148 b ofthe cannula 148 opposite the open end 148 a may have a head 150 having alarger radial dimension than a shaft portion 148 d of the cannula 148.The cannula head 150 may have a suitable shape and size to fit into thechannel section 142 of the channel 140 when the needle 146 and thecannula 148 are moved to the extended state by the needle-insertingdevice 144.

In particular embodiments, the cannula head 150 may include one or moreprotrusions and/or indentations for engaging one or more correspondingindentations and/or protrusions in the channel section 142 of theinjection site section 105 to provide a friction fit, snap fit, or thelike. Accordingly, the cannula 148 may be locked or retained within theinjection site section 105 upon the needle 146 and cannula 148 beingmoved to the extended state by the needle-inserting device 144. Infurther embodiments, instead of or in addition to engaging protrusionsand indentations, one or more other mechanical structures may beemployed to provide a suitable retaining function for retaining thecannula 148 in place within the injection site section 105, including,but not limited to, a friction fit structure, snap fit, or the like.

The cannula 148 may have a connection channel 152 provided in fluid flowcommunication with the hollow central channel 148 c of the cannula 148.The connection channel 152 may be provided along the longitudinal lengthof the cannula 148 at a location at which the connection channel 152aligns with the manifold 128 (i.e., in fluid flow communication with aninterior of the manifold 128) when the needle 146 and the cannula 148have been moved to the extended state by the needle-inserting device144. In this manner, upon the cannula 148 being moved to the extendedstate, the hollow central channel 148 c of the cannula 148 may bearranged in fluid flow communication with the reservoir 108 through themanifold 128 and the connection channel 152.

Thus, according to some embodiments, in operation, a first member 102,which may include, for example, a housing 104 having a receptacle 110and an injection site section 105, may be coupled together with a secondmember 103, which may include, for example, a housing 108 having areservoir 107. The first member 102 may be coupled or otherwiseoperatively connected, by inserting a connection portion 130 of thesecond member 103 into a receptacle 110 of the first member 102. Uponcoupling the first member 102 and the second member 103, fluid flowcommunication may be provided between the second member 103 and theinjection site section 105 in the first member 102.

In various embodiments, the needle-inserting device 144 may be coupledto the injection site section 105 of the housing 104 of the first member102 or may be provided as part of a single, unitary structure (i.e.,integral) with the injection site section 105 of the housing 104. Insome embodiments, the base 106 of the first member 102 may be secured toskin of a user-patient at a suitable injection location with, forexample, but not limited to, adhesive material as described in U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/645,435, filed Dec. 26, 2006, entitled“Infusion Medium Delivery system, Device And Method With Needle InserterAnd Needle Inserter Device And Method,” and/or as described herein.Alternatively or in addition, the base 106 may be secured to theuser-patient by one or more other suitable structures, including, butnot limited to, straps, or the like.

Once the base 106 is suitably secured to the skin of the user-patient ata suitable injection location, the inserting device 144 may be actuatedto move the needle 146 and the cannula 148 from a retracted state (e.g.,FIG. 8) to an extended state. In the extended state, the needle 146and/or the cannula 148 may pierce the skin of the user-patient adjacentthe base 106. The cannula 148 may be locked into its extended state byengagement of the cannula head 150 and the channel section 142, aspreviously described.

With the cannula 148 locked in the extended state, the needle 146 may beretracted, for example, by automatic operation of the needle-insertingdevice 144 and/or by manual removal of the needle-inserting device 144from the injection site section 105. Once the needle 146 is removed, thecannula 148 may be held in place by the injection site section 105 witha portion of the cannula 148 extending into the user-patient. As such,the cannula 148 may be connected in fluid-flow communication with theneedle 124. Accordingly, by connecting the first member 102 and thesecond member 103, as described above, then a fluid-flow connection maybe provided from the reservoir 107 to the cannula 148 through the needle124 and the manifold 128.

A connection sequence (e.g., the sequence of connecting theneedle-inserting device 144 to the injection site section 105 of thehousing 104, connecting the receptacle 110 of the housing 104 to theconnection portion 130 of the housing 108 having the reservoir 107, andconnecting the base 106 of the first member 102 to the skin of theuser-patient) for connecting various components may be different fordifferent embodiments. In some embodiments, the user-patient may beprovided with a first member 102 having a base 106, a housing 104, andan injection site section 105 in a pre-connected state with theneedle-inserting device 144. In this manner, a user-patient need nothave to connect the needle-inserting device 144 to the housing 104 asthose parts are supplied to the user in a pre-connected state, forexample, from a manufacturing or assembly facility. In such embodiments,the base 106 of the first member 102 may be secured to skin of theuser-patient at a suitable injection location. After securing the base106 to the skin of the user-patient, the needle-inserting device 144 maybe activated to cause the needle 146 and the cannula 148 to be moved tothe extended state and pierce the skin of the user-patient.

After activation of the needle-inserting device 144, theneedle-inserting device 144 may be removed from the injection sitesection 105, thus leaving the cannula 148 in place within the injectionsite section 105 and partially extended into the user-patient. With thebase 106 of the first member 102 secured to the skin of the user-patientand the cannula 148 inserted at least partially into the user-patientand arranged in fluid-flow communication with the needle 124, the secondmember 103 may be connected to the first member 102. In particular, theconnection portion 130 of the housing 108 of the second member 103 maybe inserted into the receptacle 110 of the housing 104 of the firstmember 102 to provide a fluid-flow connection between the interior ofthe housing 108 and the needle 124 and, thus, the cannula 148.Accordingly, the housing 108, which may include the reservoir 107, forexample, may be coupled in fluid-flow communication with the cannula 148that has been extended into the user-patient for delivering fluid fromthe reservoir 107 to the user-patient. In other embodiments, such aconnection may be for conveying fluid from the user-patient to thereservoir 107.

While the connection sequence in some of the above embodiments involvesecuring the base 106 of the first member 102 to the user-patient priorto connection of the second member 103 to the first member 102, in otherembodiments, the second member 103 may be connected to the first member102, as described above, prior to securing the base 106 of the firstmember 102 onto the skin of the user-patient. In such embodiments, thefirst member 102 and the second member 103 may be connected togetherand, thereafter, may be secured to the user-patient, for example, byadhering one or both of the first member 102 and the second member 103to the skin of the user-patient. In addition, while the connectionsequence in the above embodiments involve activating theneedle-inserting device 144 prior to the connection of the second member103 to the first member 102, in other embodiments, the second member 103may be connected to the first member 102, as described above, prior toactivating the needle-inserting device 144.

In some embodiments, such as the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, thereceptacle 110 may be in the first member 102 and the connection portion130 may be in the second member 103. In other embodiments, thereceptacle 110 may be in the second member 103, for example, in orassociated with a housing for a reservoir and the connection portion 130may be in the first member 102, for example, in or associated with ahousing containing an injection site structure.

In some embodiments, such as the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, thereceptacle 110 may be arranged to allow the connection portion 130 ofthe second member 103 to be inserted in a direction substantiallyparallel to a plane of an upper-facing (in the orientation of FIG. 7)surface of the base 106. For example, in the orientation of FIG. 7, thedirection of insertion is shown as a horizontal direction of relativemotion between the first member 102 and the second member 103.

Again referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, in other embodiments, the receptacle110 may be arranged in other suitable orientations, including, but notlimited to, an orientation allowing an insertion direction (i.e.,relative motion of the first member 102 and the second member 103) to besubstantially perpendicular to the plane of the upper-facing surface ofthe base 106. In yet other embodiments, the receptacle 110 may bearranged to allow any other suitable insertion direction at anon-perpendicular angle transverse to the plane of the upper-facingsurface of the base 106.

An example arrangement shown in FIGS. 13-16 provides an insertiondirection (i.e., relative motion of the first member 102 and the secondmember 103) that may be substantially perpendicular to the plane of theupper-facing (in the orientation of FIG. 8) surface of the base 106.Components in FIGS. 13-16 are identified by reference numbers that arethe same as reference numbers used in FIGS. 7-12 for components havingsimilar structure and function. In FIGS. 13 and 14, the injection sitesection 105 in the housing 104 is shown in a state after aneedle-inserting device has been operated to move a cannula 148 to theextended position.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show the base 106 of the first member 102 (of theembodiment of FIGS. 13 and 14) with a needle-inserting device 144attached to the housing 104. The needle-inserting device 144 may includea housing 160 adapted to be securable to the base 106 in any suitablemanner, such as, but not limited to the manners of connecting aneedle-inserting device 144 to the injection site structure 105discussed above with respect to the embodiment of FIGS. 7-12. Returningto FIGS. 15 and 16, the housing 160 may contain an internal chamberhaving a longitudinal dimension L and a moveable plunger 162 locatedwithin the housing 160 and moveable along the longitudinal dimension Lfrom a retracted position (shown in solid lines in FIG. 16) to anextended position (in which the plunger 162 is moved to a position Eshown in broken lines in FIG. 16).

A bias member 164, such as, but not limited to, a coil spring arrangedwithin the housing 160 may be configured to impart a bias force on theplunger 162 when the plunger 162 is in the refracted position to urgethe plunger 162 toward the extended position E. A locking mechanism (notshown) may be provided such as, but not limited to, a manually moveableprojection, lever, slider, or the like, connected to or extendingthrough the housing 160 and engages the plunger 162 or other structureholding the plunger 162 in a releasable manner to selectively hold theplunger 162 in its refracted state against the bias force of the biasmember 164 and to allow a user-patient to selectively release theplunger 162 to move in the longitudinal direction L under the force ofthe bias member 164.

An insert structure 166 may be arranged within the housing 160 formovement in the longitudinal direction L by action of movement of theplunger 162. The insert structure 166 may include, for example, acup-shaped body 168. The cup-shaped body 168 may be made of a materialof suitable strength and durability such as, but not limited to,plastic, metal, glass, or the like. The cup-shaped body 168 may hold afirst septum 116. The septum 116 may be made of a material such assilicone, rubber, plastic, a resealable membrane, or the like.

A hollow cannula 148 may have one open end 148 a and a sharp tiparranged adjacent the first septum 116 or at least partially within thefirst septum 116. The hollow cannula 148 may extend through thecup-shaped body 168 and may have a second open end 148 b. The hollowcannula 148 may be fixed to the cup-shaped body 168 to move withmovement of the cup-shaped body 168. A needle 170 may be secured to theplunger 162 and may extend through the first septum 116 and cannula 148when the plunger 162 is in the retracted position.

In operation, the user-patient (or medical practitioner) may secure thebase 106 to skin of the user-patient, for example, as previouslydescribed. Once the base 106 is secured to the skin of the user-patient,the user-patient (or medical practitioner) may activate theneedle-inserting device 144 to cause the plunger 162 to move from theretracted position to the extended position E and, as a result of suchmovement, to cause the insert structure 166 to be moved into an openinginto the interior of the housing 104. Upon movement of the insertstructure 166 into the housing 104, the insert structure 166 may connectto the housing 104 by any suitable connection structure.

As discussed above, in particular embodiments, one or the other of thecup-shaped body 168 of the insert structure 166 and the housing 104 mayinclude one or more flexible pawls, protrusions, indentations, or thelike, for engaging and receiving one or more corresponding pawls,protrusions, indentations, or the like, on the other of the housing 104and the insert structure 166 to provide a suitable connection structure.Alternatively or in addition, the connection structure may includeadhesive material or other suitable connectors.

In particular embodiments, the housing 160 of the needle-insertingdevice 144 may automatically release from the base 106 upon movement ofthe plunger 162 and the insert structure 166 from the retracted positionto the extended position E. For example, the housing 160 of theneedle-inserting device 144 may be made of a material that hassufficient rigidity to operate as described herein, but also has asuitable flexibility (at least at the portion of the device 144 thatconnects to the housing 104) to bend away from and release from thehousing 104 upon movement of the insert structure 166 to the extendedposition E.

In some embodiments, such as the embodiment shown in FIG. 16, a portion172 of the internal surface of the housing 160 may include a ramped,wedge-shaped, or angled (relative to an axial direction of the housing144, cannula 148, and needle 170) cross-sectional shape that engages anouter peripheral surface of the insert structure 166 and/or the plunger162 as the insert structure 166 and plunger 162 are moved toward theextended position E. By engaging the angled, ramped, or wedge-shapedportion 172 of the internal surface of the housing 160, the plunger 162and/or the insert structure 166 may cause the wall(s) of the housing 160to flex outward as the plunger 162 and/or insert structure 166 are movedinto the extended position. One or more slots, grooves, or the like 174may be formed in the housing 166 to enhance the ability of the wall(s)of the housing 160 to flex outward. One or more protrusions 176 and/orindentations may be provided on one or the other of the interior surfaceof the housing 166 and the exterior surface of the housing 104 forengaging one or more corresponding indentations 178 and/or protrusionsin the other of the housing 104 and housing 166 when the plunger 162 andinsert structure 166 are in the retracted state shown in FIG. 16.

The one or more protrusions 176 and the one or more indentations 178,when engaged, may lock the housing 160 of the needle-inserting device144 to the housing 104. The one or more protrusions 176 and/orindentations 178 may disengage from each other when the wall(s) of thehousing 160 are flexed outward by the movement of the plunger 162 andthe insert structure 166 to the extended position E. As a result, thehousing 160 of the needle-inserting device 144 may be automaticallydisengaged and released from the housing 104 upon movement of theplunger 162 and insert structure 166 to the extended position E.

After movement of the plunger 162 and insert structure 166 from therefracted position (shown in FIG. 16) to the extended position E atwhich the insert structure 166 may be locked into the housing 104, whilethe housing 160 of the needle-inserting device 144 is released from thehousing 104, the bias member 164 (or a second bias member (not shown))may act on the needle 170 to move the needle 170 toward the retractedposition and, thus, withdraw the needle 170 from the cannula 148. Forexample, a return motion of the coil spring after moving from theretracted position to the extended position E may provide sufficientforce to withdraw the needle 170 from the cannula 148.

Once the insert structure 166 has been locked into place within thehousing 104 and the needle-inserting device 144 has been removed fromthe housing 104, the cannula 148 may be connected in fluid-flowcommunication with a connection portion 130 of a second member such as,but not limited to, a reservoir, in a manner similar to the manner inwhich the first member 102 and the second member 103 are connectable inthe embodiments of FIGS. 7-12. More specifically, the housing 104 mayform a receptacle (similar to the receptacle 110 described above forFIGS. 7-12) and may contain the first septum 116.

Similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 7-12, the connection portion 130 mayalso include a second septum 136. In particular, the connection portion130 may be inserted into the receptacle formed by the housing 104 toconnect the interior of the reservoir in fluid-flow communication withthe cannula 148. The cannula 148 in FIG. 13 may include a sharp end 148a adjacent the first septum 116. As the connection portion 130 isinserted into the housing 104, the connection portion may push the firstseptum 116 against the sharp end 148 a of the cannula 148 to cause thesharp end 148 a of the cannula 148 to pierce the first septum 116.Further insertion motion of the connection portion 130 into the housing104 may cause the sharp end 148 a of the cannula 148 to pierce thesecond septum 136 in the connection portion 130 to form a flow path fromor to the connection portion 130 through the cannula 148.

FIGS. 17-20 illustrate an inserting system 200 according to anembodiment of the present invention. Although the inserting system 200may be similar or used with the embodiments of FIGS. 1-16, it should beunderstood that the inserting system 200 may also include some or all ofthe same components and operate in a manner similar to that shown anddescribed in the embodiments of FIGS. 22-26. In addition, some or all ofthe features shown in FIGS. 1-16 and 22-26 may be combined in variousways and included in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 17-20.

The inserting system 200 may include a first member 202, which may besimilar to the first member 102 (e.g., FIGS. 7-12). The first member 202may include a housing 204 on a base 206. The housing 204 may be formedintegral with the base 206 or may be formed as a separate structureconnected to the base 206 in a fixed relation to the base 206. Thehousing 204 and the base 206 each may be made of any suitably rigidmaterial, including, but not limited to plastic, metal, ceramic,composite material, or the like.

The housing 204 may include an injection site section 205 containing aninjection site structure in which a hollow needle or cannula may beinserted into a user-patient for conveying fluidic media to or from theuser-patient. In other embodiments, instead of or in addition to aninjection site, the housing 204 may contain, be part of, or beoperatively connected to any other suitable structure for conveying,containing, and/or processing fluidic media.

The first member 202 may be operatively connectable to a second member(not shown), which may be similar to the second member 103 (e.g., FIGS.7-12). As previously described with respect to FIGS. 7-12, the secondmember may also include a housing 108, which in the illustratedembodiment may include a reservoir 107 for containing fluidic media. Thesecond member may be held within or otherwise be covered by an outerhousing 109 configured to attach to the base 106. The outer housing 109may be configured to connect to the base 206 (FIGS. 17-20) of the firstmember 202 (FIGS. 17-20) by any suitable connection structure. In someembodiments, upon coupling the first member 202 and the second member,fluid flow communication may be provided between the second member andthe injection site section 205 in the first member 202.

In particular embodiments, at least one of the outer housing 109 and thebase 206 (FIGS. 17-20) may include one or more flexible pawls,protrusions, indentations, or the like for engaging and/or receiving oneor more corresponding pawls, protrusions, indentations, or the like onthe other of the base 206 (FIGS. 17-20) and the outer housing 109 toprovide a suitable connection structure. Alternatively or in addition,the connection structure may include adhesive material or other suitableconnectors.

Returning to FIGS. 17-20, the housing 204 may have or be connected to areceptacle structure 210 having a chamber 214. The receptacle structure210 may be similar to the receptacle structure 110 (e.g., FIGS. 7-12)previously described. In some embodiments, the receptacle structure 210may be part of the housing 204 adjacent a section of the housing 204containing the injection site section 205. In other embodiments, thereceptacle structure 210 may include a further housing connected to thehousing 204.

A fluid conduit 224, such as, but not limited to, a needle or the likemay be supported within the chamber 214. The fluid conduit 224 may besupported by a supporting structure located within the receptaclestructure 210. In some embodiments, the supporting structure may be awall integral with the receptacle structure 210. In other embodiments,the supporting structure may be any suitable structure that is generallyfixed relative to the receptacle structure 210 and is able to supportthe fluid conduit 224 in a generally fixed relation to the receptaclestructure 210.

The fluid conduit 224 may be made of any suitably rigid material,including, but not limited to metal, plastic, ceramic, or the like, andmay have a hollow channel extending in a lengthwise dimension of thefluid conduit 224. The hollow channel in the fluid conduit 224 may beopen at a location (not shown) along the lengthwise dimension of thefluid conduit 224, such as, but not limited to, a first end of the fluidconduit 224. The hollow channel in the fluid conduit 224 may be open atanother location 224 b along the lengthwise dimension of the fluidconduit 224, such as, but not limited to, a second end of the fluidconduit 224 opposite the first end of the fluid conduit 224. One of theopenings in the fluid conduit 224 may be provided with a septum 226 thatmay be pierceable by a needle (not shown), for example as previouslydescribed, when a reservoir is connected to the first member 202.

The injection site section 205 may include a channel 240 extendingthrough the housing 204 and the base 206. The channel 240 may have anopen end 240 a on a bottom surface (relative to the orientation shown inFIG. 18) of the base 206. The channel 240 may have another open end 240b at an upper surface (relative to the orientation shown in FIG. 18) ofthe injection site section 205 of the housing 204. The channel 240 mayinclude a channel section 242 having a larger radial dimension relativeto a remaining portion of the channel 240 and may have a suitable shapeand size to receive an insert structure, a needle, and/or a cannula, aswill be described.

The system 200 may include an insertion housing 280. The insertionhousing 280 may be made of a material of suitable strength anddurability such as, but not limited to, plastic, metal, glass, or thelike. The insertion housing 280 may be located adjacent the open end 240b of the channel 240 and arranged to selectively extend a needle and/orcannula of an insert structure into the open end 240 b of the channel240 and at least partially through the channel 240 as will be described.

The insertion housing 280 may be a separate device from the housing 204and may be selectively engaged or connected to, for example in alignmentwith the channel 240, and disengaged or disconnected from the injectionsite section 205 and/or the first member 202 or portion thereof. In someembodiments, the insertion housing 280 may be recommended for disposalafter a specified number of uses.

In the drawing of FIG. 18, the insertion housing 280 is shown asconnected to the injection site section 205. With reference to FIGS.17-20, a suitable connection structure may be provided on the insertionhousing 280, the injection site section 205, and/or the first member 202or portion(s) thereof to provide a manually releasable connectionbetween those components. For example, the connection structure mayinclude, but is not limited to, a threaded extension on one or the otherof the insertion housing 280 and the injection site section 205 and acorresponding threaded receptacle on the other of the injection sitesection 205 and the insertion housing 280 for receiving the threadedextension in threaded engagement. In other embodiments, other suitableconnection structures may be employed. These may include, but are notlimited to, friction-fitted sections, flexible pawls or extensions onone or the other of the insertion housing 280 and the injection sitesection 205 (or the first member 202 or portion thereof) and acorresponding aperture, stop surface, or the like on the other of theinjection site section 205 (or the first member 202 or portion thereof)and the insertion housing 280.

In some embodiments, the insertion housing 280 may include one or morearm 281 a having an end 281 b and/or a locking surface 281 d adapted tooperatively engage with and disengage from the first member 202, such asan aperture 205 a and/or a retaining surface 205 b, respectively, of theinsertion site section 205, or the like. In some embodiments, the arm281 a may be integral with the insertion housing 280 and the arm 281 amay be sufficiently flexible to operatively engage with and disengagefrom an engagement portion of the first member 202 as the arm 281 aflexes toward and away from the first member 202. In other embodiments,the arm 281 a may be operatively connected with the insertion housing280. For example, the arm 281 a may be adapted to pivot about a point281 c to allow the arm 281 a to operatively engage with and disengagefrom the first member 202 as the arm 281 pivots toward and away from theengagement portion of the first member 202. The engagement portion maybe, but is not limited to, an aperture, a ridge, an undersurface (orupper surface), a protrusion, a tab, an arm, a bias member, or any othersuitable structure or mechanism arrangeable to allow the arm 281 toengage and/or disengage.

The insertion housing 280 may contain a main chamber 287 in alignmentwith the opening 240b. The insertion housing 280 may have a longitudinaldimension and a moveable insert structure 260 located within theinsertion housing 280 and moveable along the longitudinal dimension in adirection L. The insert structure 260 may be moveable at least between afirst position and a second position. The insert structure 260 mayinclude a first part 262 and a second part 264 operatively connected tothe first part 262 so that the first part 262 and the second part 262may move together along the longitudinal dimension of the insertionhousing 280. The insert structure 260 may be biased toward or otherwiseheld in the first position until sufficient force is applied to theinsert structure 260 to move or otherwise actuate the insert structure260 to the second position.

Various examples of suitable structures for insert structures aredescribed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/645,435, filed Dec. 26,2006, entitled “Infusion Medium Delivery System, Device And Method WithNeedle Inserter And Needle Inserter Device And Method,” which isassigned to the assignee of the present invention and is incorporatedherein by reference in its entirety. Further examples of various insertstructures are described in, but are not limited to, U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/645,972, filed Dec. 26, 2006, “Infusion MediumDelivery System, Device And Method With Needle Inserter And NeedleInserter Device And Method”; U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/646,052, filed Dec. 26, 2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery System,Device And Method With Needle Inserter And Needle Inserter Device AndMethod”; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/645,435, filed Dec. 26,2006, “Infusion Medium Delivery System, Device And Method With NeedleInserter And Needle Inserter Device And Method”; U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 11/646,000, filed Dec. 26, 2006, “Infusion Medium DeliverySystem, Device And Method With Needle Inserter And Needle InserterDevice And Method,”, all of which are herein incorporated by referencein its entirety. Other examples of suitable structures for insertstructures are described herein.

The first part 262 of the insert structure 260 may include a plungerhead 288 and a needle 246 supported by the plunger head 288. The secondpart 264 of the insert structure 260 may include a collar 268 and acannula 248 supported by the collar 268. The plunger head 288 may beconnected to the collar 268. The first part 262 and the second part 264may be configured to be removably attachable from each other, forexample, in a friction fit engagement, snap fit engagement, or the like.For example, one of the plunger head 288 and the collar 268 may includeprotrusions or the like and the other of the plunger head 288 and thecollar 268 may include apertures for receiving the protrusions.

The cannula 248 may extend at least partially through the collar 268.The cannula 248 may be fixed to the collar 268 to move with movement ofthe insert structure 260. The cannula 248 may have a hollow centralchannel 248 c extending along a longitudinal length of the cannula 248and open at one end 248 a that may be adjacent a sharp end 246 a of theneedle 246 disposed within the cannula 248 as will be discussed. An end248 b of the cannula 248 opposite the open end 248 a may have a head 249having a larger radial dimension than a shaft portion 248 d of thecannula 248.

A septum 266 may be supported or otherwise retained by the collar 268.The septum 266 may be a resealable member made of silicone, plastic,rubber, or the like. The septum 266 may be arranged between the plungerhead 288 and the collar 268. The septum 266 may be pierceable by theneedle 246.

The needle 246 may be arranged to extend through at least a portion ofthe cannula 248. The needle 246 may be supported by, secured, oroperatively connected to the plunger head 288 to move with movement ofthe insert structure 260. Thus, in some embodiments, the plunger head288 and the needle 246, which may be both part of the first part 262 ofthe insert structure 260, and the collar 268 and the cannula 248, whichmay be both part of the second part 264 of the insert structure 260, maybe moveable at least between a first position and a second position.

In the second position, the needle 246 and the cannula 248 may extendthrough the opening 240 b of the channel 240 and at least partiallythrough the channel 240. As such, the sharp end 246 a of the needle 246and at least a portion of the length of the cannula 248 may extend outthe opening 240 a of the channel 240, for example, into skin of auser-patient.

The collar 268 of the insert structure 260 may have a suitable shape andsize to fit into the channel section 242 of the channel 240 when theinsert structure 260 is moved to the second position, for example, by anactuation device as will be discussed later. In particular embodiments,the collar 268 may include one or more protrusions 267 and/orindentations that engage with one or more corresponding indentations,such as the aperture 205 a, and/or protrusions in the injection sitesection 205 to provide a friction fit, snap fit, or the like, to lock orretain the second part 264 within the injection site section 205 uponthe insert structure 260 being moved to the second position.

In further embodiments, instead of or in addition to engagingprotrusions and indentations, one or more other mechanical structuresmay be employed to provide a suitable retaining function for retainingthe second part 264 in place within the injection site section 205 uponthe insert structure 260 being moved to the second position, forexample, by an actuation device, including, but not limited to, afriction fit structure, snap fit structure, or the like.

In various embodiments, the arm 281 a of the insertion housing 280 maybe actuated to disengage the insertion housing 280 automatically fromthe first member 202 upon the insert structure 260 being moved to thesecond position. For example, the arm 281 a may be adapted to flex orpivot away from the insertion housing 280 to disengage the first member202 when the insert structure 260 is moved to the second position. Inmoving to the second position, one of the protrusions 267 may pushagainst the end 281 b of the plunger arm 281 a located in the aperture205 a. This may displace the end 281 b of the plunger arm 281 andrelease the plunger arm 281 a and/or the locking surface 281 d from theretaining surface 205 b from the first member 202. Accordingly, in suchembodiments, the insertion housing 280 may be removed. In someembodiments, removal of the insertion housing 280 also removes the firstpart 262 that may include the needle 246 and the plunger 288, whileleaving the second part that may include the cannula 248 and the collar268 engaged to the injection site section 205.

The collar 268 may have a connection channel 269 provided in fluid flowcommunication with an opening (not shown) in the cannula 248 in fluidflow communication with the hollow central channel 248 c of the cannula248. Accordingly, the connection channel 269 may be in fluid flowcommunication with the hollow central channel 248 c of the cannula 248.The connection channel 269 may be provided along the collar 268 at alocation at which the connection channel 269 may align with the fluidconduit 224 when the insert structure 260 has been moved to the secondposition. Thus in some embodiments, in a case where the first member 202and the second member are brought together (e.g., FIG. 9) and the insertstructure 260 is in the second position, a fluid flow path may beestablished between the reservoir in the second member and the cannula248 via the fluid conduit 224 and the connection channel 269.

In some embodiments, the insertion housing 280 may include an innerhousing portion 284 concentrically arranged within an outer housingportion 281. The inner housing portion 284 may have an inner chamber 285in alignment with the chamber 287 in which the insert structure 260 maybe arranged for movement. A lip portion 284 a or the like extending fromthe inner housing portion 284 may be for containing the insert structure260 in the inner chamber 285. For example, the insert structure 260 maybe in contact with the lip portion 284 a when the insert structure 260is in the first position. The outer housing 281 may have an outerchamber 282 between the outer housing 281 and the inner housing portion284. The outer chamber 282 may be for receiving at least a portion of anactuation device for actuating the plunger head 288 as will bedescribed. In various embodiments, the inner housing portion 284 may beintegral with or made separate and connected with the outer housingportion 281.

As previously discussed, in various embodiments, the insert structure260 (i.e., the plunger head 288, the needle 246, the collar 268, and thecannula 248) may be actuated to move to the second position by anactuation device 290. The actuation device 290 may include a housing 291securable to the insertion housing 280. A suitable connection structuremay be provided on the actuation device 290 and/or the insertion housing280 to provide a manually releasable connection between thosecomponents. In some embodiments, the connection structure may include,but is not limited to, a threaded extension on one or the other of theactuation device 290 and the insertion housing 280 and a correspondingthreaded receptacle on the other of the insertion housing 280 and theactuation device 290 for receiving the threaded extension in threadedengagement.

For example, an end 272 of a distal portion 270 of the actuation device290 may be adapted to be insertable into the insertion housing 280, forexample, within the outer chamber 282. The distal portion 270 may have athreaded portion 276 for threaded engagement of a threaded portion 282 awithin the insertion housing 280. The end 272 may be insertable into theouter chamber 282 of the insertion housing 280, for example, until asurface 271 of the actuation device 290 abuts a lip portion 283 of theinsertion housing 280 and/or the end 272 contacts a floor 284 b of theinsertion housing 280.

In other embodiments, other suitable connection structures may beemployed. Such a connection structure may include, but is not limitedto, friction-fitted sections of the insertion housing 280 and theactuation device 290, flexible pawls or extensions on one or the otherof the actuation device 290 and the insertion housing 280 and acorresponding aperture, stop surface, or the like on the other of theinsertion housing 280 and the actuation device 290.

The housing 291 may contain an internal chamber 292 having alongitudinal dimension and a member 298 arranged within the housing 291.The member 298 may be moveable in the direction L at least between afirst position (e.g., FIG. 19) and a second position. The housing 291may include a drive mechanism for actuating the member 298. The drivemechanism may be a bias member 293, such as, but not limited to, a coilspring, or the like, arranged within the internal chamber 292 of thehousing 291. The bias member 293 may be configured to impart a biasforce on the member 298 when the member 298 is in the first position tourge the member 298 toward the second position.

In some embodiments, an activation structure, such as a trigger, button,or the like, may be provided to control the actuation device 290. Infurther embodiments, a first trigger 294 may be configured to arm orprepare the actuation device 290 for firing or otherwise moving themember 298 to move the insert structure 260. For example, the firsttrigger 294 may be pressed to retract the member 298 to the firstposition. As such, the first trigger 294 may be adapted to selectivelyarm the member 298 and/or the bias member 293 into the first position(i.e., the retracted position).

A second trigger 297 or the like may be configured to selectivelyrelease the member 298 and/or the bias member 293 to allow the member298 to move in the direction L under the force of the bias member 293 tothe second position. In other embodiments, the first trigger 294 may beconfigured to selectively release the member 298 and/or the bias member293 to allow the member 298 to move in the direction L under the forceof the bias member 293 to the second position upon being operated afterthe actuation device 290 has been armed. For example, pressing the firsttrigger 294 a first time may retract the member 298 to the firstposition, and pressing the first trigger 294 a second time may releaseor otherwise allow the member 298 to advance to the second position.Other examples of insertion structures are described in U.S. Pat. Pub.No. US 2007/0142776, entitled “Insertion Device for an Insertion Set andMethod of Using the Same,” which is herein incorporated by reference inits entirety.

In yet further embodiments, a first locking mechanism (not shown) may beprovided such as, but not limited to, a manually moveable projection,lever, slider, or the like. The first locking mechanism may be connectedto or extending through the housing 291 and engaging the member 298 (orother structure holding the member 298) in a releasable manner toselectively hold the member 298 in the retracted position, for exampleafter the first trigger 294 has been operated, against the bias force ofthe bias member 293.

In some embodiments, the actuation device 290 may be configured to allowthe member 298 to be moved from the second position at least toward thefirst position automatically or upon manipulation by the user, forexample, to a third position or a neutral position (e.g., position ofthe member before being moved to the first position when the actuationdevice is armed). That is, after the member 298 has been moved to thesecond position (e.g., an extended position), the member 298 may bemoved to a third position automatically or upon manipulation of theactuation device 290 by the user-patient. The third position may be anysuitable position at which the needle 246 is sufficiently withdrawn, forexample, from the skin of the patient, as will be discussed, such as,but not limited to, the first position, a position between the first andsecond positions, or the like.

For example in some embodiments, the housing 291 may include a secondchamber 295. The second chamber 295 may be concentrically arrangedrelative to the internal chamber 292, for example around the internalchamber 292. A drive mechanism may be arranged within the second chamber295 of the housing 291 to move the member 298. The drive mechanism maybe a second bias member 296, such as, but not limited to, a coil spring,or the like, arranged to impart a bias force on the member 298 when themember 298 is in the second position to urge the member 298 toward thirdposition. Thus, in some embodiments, the member 298 can be moved to thefirst position (e.g., by pressing the first trigger 294), moved to thesecond position (e.g., by pressing the second trigger 297), and thenautomatically moved to a third position.

In some embodiments, an activation structure, such as a trigger (e.g.,first trigger 294, second trigger 297, or a third trigger (not shown)),button or the like, may be provided to control movement of the memberfrom the second position to the third position. Thus, in someembodiments, the member 298 can be moved to the first position (e.g., bypressing the first trigger 294), moved to the second position (e.g., bypressing the second trigger 297), and then further moved to a thirdposition (e.g., by pressing the first trigger 294, the second trigger297, or the like).

In yet further embodiments, a second locking mechanism (not shown) maybe provided such as, but not limited to, a manually moveable projection,lever, slider, or the like. The second locking mechanism may beconnected to or extending through the housing 291 and engaging themember 298 (or other structure holding the member 298) in a releasablemanner to selectively hold the member 298 in the second position, forexample after the second trigger 297 has been operated, against the biasforce of the second bias member 296.

In various embodiments, the member 298 may be adapted to operativelyengage the plunger head 288, for example, when the actuation device 290is connected to the insertion housing 280. The member 298 or a portionthereof may be made of a sufficiently rigid material, but having acertain amount of flexibility. A protrusion, extension, arm, or the likemay be provided on one or the other of the member 298 and the plunger288 and a corresponding aperture, protrusion, extension, arm or the likeon the other of the plunger 288 and the member 298 for engaging eachother. For example, in particular embodiments, the member 298 may haveone or more arms 299 for engaging a head portion 289 of the plunger head288 upon the actuation device 290 being connected to the insertionhousing 280.

Thus in some embodiments, in a case where the member 298 is operativelyengaged with the plunger head 288 and the member 298 is actuated, theinsert structure 260, which may include the plunger head 288, the needle246, the collar 268, and the cannula 248, may be moved to the secondposition. Similarly as previously described, the member 298 can befurther actuated to move the first part 262 of the insert structure 260,which may include the plunger head 288 and the needle 246, away from thefirst position (e.g., to (or toward) the first position and/or the thirdposition). Thus, the second part of the insert structure 260, which mayinclude the collar 268 and the cannula 248, may remain in the secondposition to allow fluid to flow from the reservoir though the fluidconduit 224 and the connection channel 269 to the cannula 248 into theuser-patient as previously described.

In various embodiments, the actuation device 290 may be configured forimproved handling of the actuation device 290 by the user-patient. Forexample, the actuation device 290 may include a handling portion 255,grips, textured surfaces, or the like that may aid in handling of theactuation device 290.

FIG. 21 illustrates a flowchart describing use of the system 200 (e.g.,FIGS. 17-20) according to an embodiment of the present invention. Withreference to FIGS. 17-21, the system 200 may be operated according toprocess 1000. In step S1010, the base 206 of the first member 202 may besecured to skin of a user-patient at a suitable injection location with,for example, but not limited to, adhesive material, or the like.Examples for securing the first member to the skin of the user-patientare described herein and can be found in U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/645,435, filed Dec. 26, 2006, entitled “Infusion Medium Deliverysystem, Device And Method With Needle Inserter And Needle InserterDevice And Method” and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/027,963,filed Feb. 7, 2008, entitled “Adhesive Patch Systems and Methods,” allof which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.Alternatively or in addition, the base 206 may be secured to theuser-patient by one or more other suitable structures, including, butnot limited to, straps, or the like.

Once the base 206 is suitably secured the user-patient at a suitableinjection location, in step S1020, the insertion housing 280 may beaffixed to the inject site section 205. Then, in step S1030, theactuation device 290 may be connected to the insertion housing 280 tooperatively engage the member 298 with the plunger 288. Then in stepS1040, the actuation device 290 may be actuated, for example byactuating one or more of the first trigger 294 and the second trigger297, to move the member 298 to the second position.

In step S1042, the member 298 may move the insert structure 260, whichmay include the plunger 288, the needle 246, the collar 268, and thecannula 248, to the second position. As a result, in step S1044, theneedle 246 may pierce the skin of the user-patient allowing a portion ofthe cannula 248 to enter the user-patient. In step S1046, the insertstructure 260 may engage the inject site section 205 to retain thecannula 248 within the user-patient. The cannula 248 and collar 268 maybe retained in the second position by engagement of, for example, thecollar 268 and the injection site section 205, as previously described.As the insert structure 260 engages the inject site section 205, in stepS1048, the insert structure 260 may cause the insertion housing 280 todisengage from the first member 202.

Next in step S1050, with the cannula 248 and the body 268 locked in thesecond position, the actuation device 290 may be further actuated, forexample automatically or by operating one of the triggers, to causemovement of the member 298 to the third position. In step S1052, themember 298 may cause the first part 262 of the insert structure 260,which may include the plunger head 288 and the needle 246, to move awayfrom the second part 264 of the insert structure 260 (e.g., toward thefirst position). The second part 262 of the insert structure 260 mayremain in the inject site section 205 and the cannula 248 within theuser-patient. In step S1060, the second member may be attached to thefirst member 202 to provide a fluid flow path from the reservoir of thesecond member to the user-patient via the fluid conduit 224, theconnection channel 269 in the collar 268 of the insert structure 260,and the cannula 248. In other embodiments, such a flow path may be forconveying fluid from the user-patient to the reservoir.

A connection sequence (e.g., the sequence of connecting the actuationdevice 290 to the injection site section 205, connecting the firstmember 202 to the second member, attaching the base 206 of the firstmember 202 to the skin of the user-patient, etc.) for connecting variouscomponents may be different for different embodiments. For example, insome embodiments, the user-patient may be provided with a first member202 having a base 206, a housing 204, and an injection site section 205in a pre-connected state with the actuation device 290. In this manner,the user-patient need not have to connect the actuation device 290 tothe housing 204 as those parts are supplied to the user in apre-connected state, for example, from a manufacturing or assemblyfacility. In such embodiments, the base 206 of the first member 202 maybe secured to skin of the user-patient at a suitable injection location.After securing the base 206 to the skin of the user-patient, theactuation device 290 may be activated to cause the insert structure 260to move to the second position so that the needle 246 can pierce theskin of the user-patient.

While the connection sequence in some of the above embodiments involvesecuring the base 206 of the first member 202 to the user-patient priorto connection of the second member to the first member 202, in otherembodiments, the second member may be connected to the first member 202,as described above, prior to securing the base 206 of the first member202 onto the skin of the user-patient. In such embodiments, the firstmember 202 and the second member may be connected together and,thereafter, may be secured to the user-patient, for example, by adheringone or both of the first member 202 and the second member to the skin ofthe user-patient. In addition, while the connection sequence in theabove embodiments involve activating the actuation device 290 prior tothe connection of the second member to the first member 202, in otherembodiments, the second member may be connected to the first member 202,as described above, prior to activating the actuation device 290.

In some embodiments, the receptacle 210 may be in the first member 202and a connection portion may be in the second member. In otherembodiments, the receptacle 210 may be in the second member, forexample, in or associated with a housing for a reservoir, and theconnection portion may be in the first member 202, for example, in orassociated with a housing containing an injection site structure.

FIGS. 22 and 23 illustrate an actuation device 390 according to anembodiment of the present invention. Although the actuation device 390may be similar or used with the embodiments of FIGS. 17-21, it should beunderstood that the actuation device 390 may also include some or all ofthe same components and operate in a manner similar to that shown anddescribed in the embodiments of FIGS. 1-16 and 25-26. In addition, someor all of the features shown in FIGS. 1-21, 25, and 26 may be combinedin various ways and included in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 22-23.

The actuation device 390 may be similar to the actuation device 290(e.g., FIGS. 17-20). With reference to FIGS. 17-23, the actuation device390 may include a housing 391 securable to the insertion housing 280. Asuitable connection structure may be provided on the actuation device390 and/or the insertion housing 280 to provide a manually releasableconnection between those components. For example, the connectionstructure may be similar to the connection structure previouslydescribed for connecting the actuation device 290 to the insertionhousing 280. In some embodiments, the connection structure may include,but is not limited to, a threaded extension on one or the other of theactuation device 390 and the insertion housing 280 and a correspondingthreaded receptacle on the other of the insertion housing 280 and theactuation device 390 for receiving the threaded extension in threadedengagement.

For example, an end 372 of a distal portion 370 of the actuation device390 may be adapted to be insertable into the insertion housing 280, forexample, within the outer chamber 282. The distal portion 370 may have athreaded portion 376 for threaded engagement of a threaded portion 282 awithin the insertion housing 280. The end 372 may be insertable into theouter chamber 282 of the insertion housing 280, for example, until asurface 371 of the actuation device 390 abuts a lip portion 283 of theinsertion housing 280 and/or the end 372 contacts a floor 284 b of theinsertion housing 280.

In other embodiments, other suitable connection structures may beemployed. Such a connection structure may include, but is not limitedto, flexible pawls or extensions on one or the other of the actuationdevice 390 and the insertion housing 280 and a corresponding aperture,stop surface, or the like on the other of the insertion housing 280 andthe actuation device 390.

The housing 391 may contain an internal chamber 392 having alongitudinal dimension and a member 398 arranged within the housing 391.The member 398 may be moveable in the direction L at least between afirst position and a second position. The housing 391 may include adrive mechanism for actuating the member 398. The drive mechanism may bea bias member 393, such as, but not limited to, a coil spring, or thelike, arranged within the internal chamber 392 of the housing 391. Thebias member 393 may be configured to impart a bias force on the member398 when the member 398 is in the first position to urge the member 398toward the second position.

In some embodiments, an activation structure, such as a trigger, button,or the like, may be provided to control the actuation device 390. Infurther embodiments, a first trigger 394 may be configured to arm orprepare the actuation device 390 for firing or otherwise moving themember 398 to move the insert structure 260. For example, the firsttrigger 394 may be manually pressed to retract the bias member 393 tothe first position. As such, the first button 394 may be adapted toselectively arm the member 398 and/or the bias member 393 into the firstposition (i.e., the retracted position).

A second trigger 397 or the like may be configured to selectivelyrelease the member 398 and/or the bias member 393 to allow the member398 to move in the direction L under the force of the bias member 393 tothe second position. In other embodiments, the first trigger 394 may beconfigured to selectively release the member 398 and/or the bias member393 to allow the member 398 to move in the direction L under the forceof the bias member 393 to the second position upon being operated afterthe actuation device 390 has been armed. For example, pressing the firsttrigger 394 a first time may retract the member 398 to the firstposition, and pressing the first trigger 394 a second time may releaseor otherwise allow the member 398 to advance to the second position.Other examples of insertion structures are described in U.S. Pat. Pub.No. US 2007/0142776, entitled “Insertion Device for an Insertion Set andMethod of Using the Same,” which is herein incorporated by reference inits entirety.

In yet further embodiments, a first locking mechanism (not shown) may beprovided such as, but not limited to, a manually moveable projection,lever, slider, or the like. The first locking mechanism may be connectedto or extending through the housing 391 and engaging the member 398 (orother structure holding the member 398) in a releasable manner toselectively hold the member 398 in the retracted position, for exampleafter the first trigger 394 has been operated, against the bias force ofthe bias member 393.

In some embodiments, the actuation device 390 may be configured to allowthe member 398 to be moved from the second position at least toward thefirst position automatically or upon manipulation by the user, forexample, to a third position or a neutral position (e.g., position ofthe member before being moved to the first position when the actuationdevice is armed). That is, after the member 398 has been moved to thesecond position (e.g., an extended position), the member 398 may bemoved to a third position automatically or upon manipulation of theactuation device 390 by the user-patient. The third position may be anysuitable position at which the needle 246 is sufficiently withdrawn, forexample, from the skin of the patient, such as, but not limited to, thefirst position, a position between the first and second positions, orthe like.

For example in some embodiments, the housing 391 may include a secondchamber 395. The second chamber 395 may be concentrically arrangedrelative to the internal chamber 392, for example around the internalchamber 392. A drive mechanism may be arranged within the second chamber395 of the housing 391 to move the member 398. The drive mechanism maybe a second bias member 396, such as, but not limited to, a coil spring,or the like, arranged to impart a bias force on the member 398 when themember 398 is in the second position to urge the member 398 toward thirdposition. Thus, in some embodiments, the member 398 can be moved to thefirst position (e.g., by pressing the first trigger 394), moved to thesecond position (e.g., by pressing the second trigger 397), and thenautomatically moved to a third position.

In some embodiments, an activation structure, such as a trigger (e.g.,first trigger 394, second trigger 397, or a third or further trigger(not shown)), button or the like, may be provided to control movement ofthe member from the second position to the third position. Thus, in someembodiments, the member 398 can be moved to the first position (e.g., bypressing the first trigger 394), moved to the second position (e.g., bypressing the second trigger 397), and then further moved to a thirdposition (e.g., by pressing the first trigger 394, the second trigger397, or the like).

In yet further embodiments, a second locking mechanism (not shown) maybe provided such as, but not limited to, a manually moveable projection,lever, slider, or the like. The second locking mechanism may beconnected to or extending through the housing 391 and engaging themember 398 (or other structure holding the member 298) in a releasablemanner to selectively hold the member 398 in the second position, forexample after the second trigger 397 has been operated, against the biasforce of the second bias member 396.

In various embodiments, the member 398 may be adapted to operativelyengage the plunger head 288, for example, when the actuation device 390is connected to the insertion housing 280. The member 398 or a portionthereof may be made of a sufficiently rigid material, but having acertain amount of flexibility. A protrusion, extension, arm, or the likemay be provided on one or the other of the member 398 and the plunger288 and a corresponding aperture, protrusion, extension, arm or the likeon the other of the plunger 288 and the member 398 for engaging eachother. For example, in particular embodiments, the member 398 may haveone or more arms 399 for engaging a head portion 289 of the plunger head288 upon the actuation device 390 being connected to the insertionhousing 280.

Thus in some embodiments, in a case where the member 398 is operativelyengaged with the plunger head 288 and the member 398 is actuated, theinsert structure 260, which may include the plunger head 288, the needle246, the collar 268, and the cannula 248, may be moved to the secondposition. Similarly as previously described, the member 398 can befurther actuated to move the first part 262 of the insert structure 260,which may include the plunger head 288 and the needle 246, away from thefirst position (e.g., to (or toward) the first position and/or the thirdposition). Thus, the second part of the insert structure 260, which mayinclude the collar 268 and the cannula 248, may remain in the secondposition to allow fluid to flow from the reservoir though the fluidconduit 224 and the connection channel 269 to the cannula 248 into theuser-patient as previously described.

In various embodiments, the actuation device 390 may be configured forimproved handling of the actuation device 390 by the user-patient. Forexample, the actuation device 390 may include a handling portion 355,grips, textured surfaces, or the like that may aid in handling of theactuation device 390.

Additionally, the actuation device 390 may allow for lancing or piercingthe skin of the user-patient, for example, to obtain a blood sample. Alancing portion 350 may be removably attachable to the actuation device390. The lancing portion 350 may be attached to or within the distalportion 370 in a friction fit, snap fit, threaded engagement, or thelike. The lancing portion 350 may be adapted to operatively engage themember 398 such that movement of the member 398 causes movement of thelancing portion 350.

In various embodiments, the lancing portion 350 may be adapted to beremovably attachable from the actuation device 390. For instance, whenthe lancing portion 350 is not in use, for example, the actuation device390 may be coupled with an insertion housing (e.g., 280 in FIGS. 17-20)for inserting a needle and a cannula into the skin of the user-patientas previously described. Moreover, when the actuation device 390 is notbeing used with the insertion housing, the lancing portion 350 may beattached to the actuation device 390 for piercing the skin of theuser-patient. The lancing portion 350 may be made of a material ofsuitable strength and durability such as, but not limited to, plastic,metal, glass, or the like.

The lancing portion 350 may include a collar body 352 and a piercingmember, such as a needle 354. The collar body 352 may be made of amaterial of suitable strength and durability such as, but not limitedto, plastic, metal, glass, or the like. The needle 354 may be supportedby the collar body 352 so that the needle 354 may move with the collarbody 352. For example, the needle 354 may extend through the collar body352 or be operatively connected to the collar body 352. As previouslydiscussed, in a case where the lancing portion 350 is operativelyengaged with the member 398 and the member 398 is actuated, the lancingportion 350 may be caused to move by the member 398. Accordingly, theneedle 354 may be actuated to move and exit the actuation device 390 to“prick” or otherwise pierce the skin of the user-patient. In otherembodiments, the piercing member (e.g., needle 354) may be connected tothe member 398 such that movement of the member 398 causes movement ofthe piercing member.

In various embodiments, a penetration depth of the needle 354 into theskin of the user-patient may be adjustable. In some embodiments, thelancing portion 350 may be adapted to be arranged relative to theactuation device 390 to adjust the penetration depth of the needle 354.For example, by inserting the lancing portion 350 further into orfurther along the actuation device 390, the penetration depth of theneedle 354 can be reduced accordingly. Conversely, the penetration depthof the needle 354 can be increased by arranging or otherwise extendingthe lancing portion 350 further from the actuation device 390. In someembodiments, the needle 354 may be adapted to be adjustable relative tothe collar body 352 in a similar fashion to decrease or increase thepenetration depth of the needle 354.

In some embodiments, the actuation device 390 may include an adjustmentmember (not shown) for selectively adjusting the penetration depth ofthe needle 354. The adjustment member may be an at least partiallyrotatable dial, a slide, a trigger, a button, or the like. Theadjustment member may be operatively engaged with the member 398, thefirst bias member 393, the second bias member 396, the collar body 352of the lancing portion 350, and/or the needle 354 so that thepenetration depth of the needle 354 can be varied. For example, rotationof the adjustment member may cause the lancing portion 350, portionthereof, and/or operatively connected components to advance or retreatrelative to the actuation device 390 to increase or decrease thepenetration depth of the needle 354.

In some embodiments, the actuation device 390 may be adapted to engagewith and disengage from a guard 330 or cover. The guard 330 may have ahousing 332 having an interior chamber 334. The guard 330 may be made ofa material of suitable strength and durability such as, but not limitedto, plastic, metal, glass, or the like. A suitable connection structure,such as one of the connection structures previously described, may beprovided on the actuation device 390 and/or the guard 330 to provide amanually releasable connection between those components. In someembodiments, the connection structure may include, but is not limitedto, a threaded extension on one or the other of the actuation device 390and the guard 330 and a corresponding threaded receptacle on the otherof the guard 330 and the actuation device 390 for receiving the threadedextension in threaded engagement.

For example, the end 372 of the distal portion 370 of the actuationdevice 390 may be adapted to be insertable into the interior chamber 334of the guard 330 through an opening 333 to attach the guard 330 to theactuation device 390. The distal portion 370 may have a threaded portion376, which may or may not be similar to the threaded portion 276 forengaging the inserting housing 280, for threaded engagement of athreaded portion 336 within the guard 330. The end 372 may be insertableinto the guard 330, for example, until a surface 371, which may or maynot be similar to the surface 271, of the actuation device 390 contactsa portion, such as an outer surface 331 a, of the guard 330 and/or theend 372 contacts a portion, such as an inner surface 331 b, within guard330. In other embodiments, a portion of the guard 330 may be configuredto be insertable into the actuation device 390, for example throughopening 374 through which the lancing portion 350 may be attached to theactuation device 390, to attach the guard 330 to the actuation device390.

In other embodiments, other suitable connection structures may beemployed for connecting the guard 330 with the actuation device 390.Such a connection structure may include, but is not limited to, flexiblepawls or extensions on one or the other of the actuation device 390 andthe guard 330 and a corresponding aperture, stop surface, or the like onthe other of the other of the guard 330 and the actuation device 390.

An aperture 335 or the like may be provided on the housing 332 of theguard 330 and extending through to the interior chamber 334. Theaperture 335 may be located on an end 332 a opposite the opening 333.The aperture 335 may allow the needle 354 or a portion thereof to extendbeyond the end 332 a of the guard 330 to pierce the skin of theuser-patient, for example, when the member 398 is actuated to move thelancing portion 350. In various embodiments, the guard 330 may bearrangeable to adjust the penetration depth of the needle 354. Forexample, by arranging the guard 330 (e.g., screwing on the guard 330)further into or further along the actuation device 390, the penetrationdepth of the needle 354 can be increased accordingly. Conversely, thepenetration depth of the needle 354 can be decreased by arranging guard330 further from the actuation device 390.

As previously discussed, in some embodiments, the actuation device 390may be configured to retract the needle 354 automatically after theneedle 354 pierces the skin of the user-patient. In such embodiments,the needle 354 may pierce or prick the skin of the user-patient and thenreturn to a position (e.g., the third position) within the actuationdevice 390 and/or the guard 330. In other embodiments, the actuationdevice 390 may be configured such that the needle 354 can be manuallyretracted after piercing the skin of the user-patient, for example, byoperating the second trigger 397, or the like.

FIG. 24 illustrates a flowchart for using an actuation device accordingto an embodiment of the present invention. With reference to FIGS.22-24, in step S1202, the lancing portion 350 may be attached to theactuation device 390. In step S1204, the penetration depth of the needle354 may be adjusted.

Next in step S1206, the guard 330 may be attached to the actuationdevice 390. In step S1208, the actuation device 390 may be placedadjacent a suitable injection site on the user-patient. In step S1210,the member 398 and the lancing portion 350 may be actuated to prick theuser-patient at the injection site. In further embodiments, the lancingportion 350 may be removed from the actuation device 390, and theactuation device 390 may used similar to the actuation device 290 and aninfusion set, such as, but not limited to, the system 200 described withrespect to FIGS. 17-21.

FIGS. 25 and 26 illustrate a needle assembly 500 according to anembodiment of the present invention. Although the needle assembly 500may be similar or used with the embodiments of FIGS. 17-24, it should beunderstood that the needle assembly 500 may also include some or all ofthe same components and operate in a manner similar to that shown anddescribed in the embodiments of FIGS. 1-16. In addition, some or all ofthe features shown in FIGS. 1-24 may be combined in various ways andincluded in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 25 and 26. The needle assembly500 may include, but is not limited to, a needle (or cannula) 510 and ahousing 520.

The needle 510 may be arranged within the housing 520. For example, theneedle 510 may extend through at least a portion of the housing 520. Theneedle 510 may have a hollow central channel 512 extending along alongitudinal length of the needle 510. The needle 510 may have a firstopening 511 and a second opening 513 for communicating with the hollowcentral channel 512. In some embodiments, the second opening 513 may belocated at, but not limited to, a sharp end 514 of the needle 510. Thefirst opening 511 may be located at, but is not limited to, an end ofthe hollow central channel 512 opposite the sharp end 514. The needle510 may be made of any suitably rigid material, including, but notlimited to metal, plastic, ceramic, or the like.

The housing 520 may be made of any suitably rigid material, including,but not limited to plastic, metal, ceramic, composite material, or thelike. In some embodiments, the housing 520 may include a cavity 525, achamber 522, a channel 524, and an opening 526. The opening 526 may bearranged on an exterior surface of the housing 520 for alignment with afluid flow path, such as, but not limited to, the fluid conduit 224(e.g., FIGS. 17-21) to convey fluidic media, for example, from areservoir (not shown) containing fluidic media. The opening 526 may openinto the channel 524.

The channel 524 may be in alignment with the chamber 522. The chamber522 may be in communication or alignment with the hollow central channel512 of the needle 510. Accordingly, a flow path may be establishedbetween the opening 526 and the hollow central channel 512 of the needle510 via the channel 524 and the chamber 522.

The cavity 525 may be arranged within the housing 520 such that at leasta portion of the needle 510 extends through the cavity 525. The cavity525 may contain a compliant material 532 adjacent a portion of theneedle 510. The needle 510 may be arranged to be substantially freefloating within or along the compliant material 532. In other words insome embodiments, the needle 510 generally may be free from contactingthe housing 520; rather, the needle 510 may be by the compliant material532.

The compliant material 532, which may be any suitable flexible material,such as but not limited to, silicone, other flexible polymers, or thelike, may be sufficiently flexible, pliable, compressible, resilient, orthe like to allow articulation (e.g., pivotal movement) of the needle510 through and/or against the compliant material 532 relative to thehousing 520 in one or more directions. Allowing articulation of theneedle 510 may help prevent the needle 510 from “kinking” or otherwisebending, for example, in a case where the needle 510 is attached to auser-patient and the needle 510 and/or the housing 520 are/is moved(e.g., laterally) relative to each other. For instance, in someembodiments, the compliant material 532 may be sufficiently viscous tosupport or otherwise be in contact with the needle 510, but allow somearticulation or movement (e.g., angular and/or lateral) of the needle510.

In further embodiments, the compliant material 532 may be anysufficiently strong or rigid material to support the needle 510 as theneedle 510 pierces and/or remains in the skin of the user-patient. Insuch embodiments, the compliant material 532 may keep the needle 510sufficiently steady relative to the housing 520 while still allowingarticulation of the needle 510 relative to the housing 520.

In further embodiments, the compliant material 532 may provide anadhering function to adhere to the needle 510 and/or the housing 520.Accordingly, the needle 510 may be supported by the compliant material532 so that the needle 510 can be sufficiently free floating within thechamber 525 of the housing 520 to be moveable relative to the housing520. In other embodiments, the compliant material 532 may be adhered tothe needle 510 and/or the housing 520.

In some embodiments, the compliant material 532 may be adapted toprovide a sealing function to prevent fluidic media from flowing betweenthe compliant material 532 and the needle 510 and/or the housing 520.Accordingly, in a case where the needle 510 is in a user-patient and theneedle 510 and/or the housing 520 are moved (e.g., laterally) relativeto each other, the needle 510 can articulate (e.g., pivot) relative tothe housing 520 while inhibiting fluidic media from flowing between thecompliant material 532 and the needle 510 and/or the housing 520. Infurther embodiments, the compliant material 532 may be a seal memberlocated within the cavity 525 (or outside the cavity 525) to inhibitfluidic media from flowing between the compliant material 532 and theneedle 510 and/or the housing 520.

In some embodiments, a seal member, such as an o-ring or the like me bearranged between the needle 510 and the compliant material 532 toinhibit fluidic media from flowing between the seal member and theneedle 510. In some embodiments, the seal member may be arranged betweenthe compliant material 532 and the housing 520 to inhibit fluidic mediafrom flowing between the seal member and the housing 520.

In various embodiments, the chamber 524 may have a width dimensiongreater than a width dimension of the hollow central channel 512 of theneedle 510. Because the width dimension of the chamber 522 may begreater than the width dimension of the hollow central channel 512 ofthe needle 510, the chamber 522 and the hollow central channel 512 mayremain in alignment when the needle 510 is articulated. Thus, whetherthe needle 510 is centered relative to the chamber 524 (e.g.,substantially perpendicular to the chamber 522), angled (e.g., at anacute angle to the chamber 522), or off-center (e.g., offset from acenter point of the chamber 525), fluidic media may be able to flow fromthe chamber 522 to the needle 510.

In some embodiments, the compliant material 532 have a recess 536 formedtherein. The recess 526 may be in communication with the chamber 524 andthe first end 511 of the needle 510. In further embodiments, the recess536 may be defined by a sloped surface. In yet further embodiments, thesurface (or a portion thereof) of the recess 536 may be sloped tocorrespond generally to a maximum angle of movement of the needle 510relative to the housing 520. For example, in a case where the needleassembly 500 is configured to allow the needle 510 to articulaterelative to the housing 520 up to, for example, thirty degrees (relativethe orientation shown, for example in FIG. 26), the surface (or aportion thereof) may likewise be sloped to match this angle. Thus, evenin a case where the needle 510 is articulated relative to the housing520, for example thirty degrees, fluidic media may be able to flow fromthe chamber 522 to the needle 510.

In some embodiments, the compliant material 532 may be retained withinthe cavity 525 with a retaining member 534, such as a septum, cap, gluejoint, or the like. In further embodiments, the retaining member 534 maybe adapted to be sufficiently flexible, pliable, compressible,resilient, or the like to allow articulation of the needle 510 and/or toprovide a sealing ability similar to that described with respect to thefirst material 532.

In some embodiments, in a case where the needle 510 is in a user-patientand the needle 510 and/or the housing 520 are/is moved (e.g., laterally)relative to each other, the needle 510 and/or the housing 510 may beadapted so that the housing 520 remains substantially motionless.Accordingly in such embodiments, the needle 510 may articulate (e.g.,pivot) relative to the housing. In some embodiments, in a case where theneedle 510 is in a user-patient and the needle 510 and/or the housing520 are moved (e.g., laterally) relative to each other, the needle 510and/or the housing 510 may be adapted so that the needle 510 remainssubstantially motionless. Accordingly in such embodiments, the housing520 may articulate (e.g., pivot) relative to the needle 510.

In some embodiments, the housing 510 in its entirety or a portionthereof may be made of a material adapted to allow articulation of theneedle 510 and/or the housing 520 relative to each other and/or providea sealing ability like the compliant material 532. The material may bemade of a similar or a different material from the compliant material532. In such embodiments, the chamber 522, the channel 524, and/or theopening 526 may be formed on or within the compliant material 524. Infurther embodiments, a retaining member, such as the retaining member534, or the like may be provided to provide structure to the compliantmaterial 532 and/or to otherwise retain the seal member housing 510 to aconfined space, for example.

In various embodiments, the needle assembly 500 may be similar to theinsert structure 260 previously described with respect to FIGS. 17-21.With reference to FIGS. 17-26, in some embodiments, the needle assembly500 may replace the insert structure 260. In such embodiments, theneedle 510 may serve as the needle 246 and the cannula 246. As such,once the needle assembly 500 (or insert structure 260) is moved to thesecond position, the needle 510 may remain in the user-patient withouthaving to be retracted like the needle 246. In the second position, forexample, the channel 524 may align with the fluid conduit 224 that mayestablish a fluid flow path with a reservoir for conveying fluidic mediato the user-patient or receiving fluidic media from the user-patient. Infurther embodiments, the needle assembly 500 may be configured toinclude an engagement portion, such as the handle 289 of the plungerhead 288, or the like, for engaging the actuation device 290 (or 390) sothat the actuation device 290 (or 390) can cause movement of the needleassembly 500 to the second position.

The embodiments disclosed herein are to be considered in all respects asillustrative, and not restrictive of the invention. The presentinvention is in no way limited to the embodiments described above.Various modifications and changes may be made to the embodiments withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of theinvention is indicated by the attached claims, rather than theembodiments. Various modifications and changes that come within themeaning and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be withinthe scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. An insertion system, the insertion systemcomprising: a base adapted to be carried by a patient; a first devicehousing configured to be operatively engaged with and disengaged fromthe base, the first device housing comprising: a first carrier bodyarranged for movement within at least a portion of the first devicehousing at least between a retracted position and an advanced position,the first carrier body for supporting a piercing member in a positionorientated for insertion through skin of the patient upon movement ofthe first carrier body from the retracted position to the advancedposition; a second device housing configured to be operatively engagedwith and disengaged from the first device housing, the second devicehousing comprising; a second carrier body arranged for movement withinat least a portion of the second device housing at least between aretracted position and an advanced position, the second carrier bodyoperatively connectable with the first carrier body; and a driverarranged within the second device housing to move the first carrier bodyfrom the retracted position toward the advanced position to insert atleast a portion of the piercing member through skin of the patient. 2.The insertion system of claim 1, the driver arranged within the seconddevice housing to move the second carrier body from the retractedposition toward the advanced position to move the first carrier bodyfrom the retracted position toward the advanced position to insert atleast a portion of the piercing member through skin of the patient. 3.The insertion system of claim 1, the insertion system furthercomprising: a locking mechanism adapted to operatively engage at leastone of the driver and the second carrier body, and to substantiallyprevent premature release of the carrier body before securing theinsertion system in position against the skin of the patient.
 4. Theinsertion system of claim 1, the first carrier body configured tooperatively engage the base when the first carrier body is moved to theadvanced position.
 5. The insertion system of claim 4, the first carrierbody configured to disengage the first device housing from the base uponthe first carrier body being moved to the advanced position.
 6. Theinsertion system of claim 5, one of the base and the first devicehousing having an aperture, the other of the base and the first devicehousing having a lever for engaging the aperture to operatively engagethe first device housing to the base; and the first carrier body havingat least one protrusion for disengaging the lever from the aperture uponthe first carrier body being moved to the advanced position.
 7. Theinsertion system of claim 1, one of the base and the first devicehousing having an aperture, the other of the base and the first devicehousing having a lever for engaging the aperture to operatively engagethe first device housing to the base.
 8. The insertion system of claim1, wherein the first carrier body comprises a plunger configured tosupport the piercing member, and to insert the piercing member in theskin of the user-patient upon movement of the first carrier body fromthe retracted position to the advanced position.
 9. The insertion systemof claim 1, wherein a distance traveled by the first carrier bodyrelative to the first device housing from the retracted position to theadvanced position is equal to at least a distance traveled by the secondcarrier body relative to the second device housing from the retractedposition to the advanced position.
 10. The insertion system of claim 1,wherein a distance traveled by the first carrier body relative to thefirst device housing from the retracted position to the advancedposition is equal to at least a distance required to insert the piercingmember into the skin of the patient.
 11. The insertion system of claim1, the first carrier body comprising a plunger and a collar bodyoperatively connected to the plunger, the piercing member supported byat least one of the plunger and the collar body in a position orientatedfor insertion through the skin of the patient upon movement of the firstcarrier body from the retracted position to the advanced position. 12.The insertion system of claim 11, wherein the piercing member comprisesa cannula supported by the collar body and a needle supported by theplunger; the needle disposed at least partially through the cannula; thecannula and the needle supported in a position orientated for insertionthrough the skin of the patient upon movement of the first carrier bodyfrom the retracted position to the advanced position.
 13. The insertionsystem of claim 12, the plunger and the needle removable from the collarbody, the cannula and the collar body adapted for reuse with anothercollar body and cannula.
 14. The insertion system of claim 12, thecollar body having a fluid channel in fluid communication with a hollowinterior of the cannula; the fluid channel for operatively connecting toa reservoir for containing fluidic media when the first carrier body isin the advanced position to allow fluidic medic to flow from thereservoir to the hollow interior of the cannula.
 15. The insertionsystem of claim 12, the insertion system further comprising: a compliantmaterial arranged within the first carrier body to support the piercingmember, the compliant material for allowing articulation of the piercingmember relative to the first carrier body in a case where at least aportion of the piercing member is in the skin of the patient and thepiercing member is moved relative to the housing.
 16. The insertionsystem of 15, wherein the piercing member comprises a needle.
 17. Theinsertion system of claim 1, wherein the driver comprises a bias memberarranged within the second device housing, the bias member for urgingthe second carrier body toward the advanced position.
 18. The insertionsystem of claim 17, the insertion system further comprising: a seconddriver arranged within the second device housing to move the firstcarrier body away from the advanced position to a third position. 19.The insertion system of claim 18, wherein the second driver comprises abias member arranged within the second device housing, the bias memberfor urging the second carrier body toward the third position.
 20. Theinsertion system of claim 19, the insertion system further comprising: atrigger for releasably retaining the second carrier body in the advancedposition, the trigger configured to be operable to release the secondcarrier body to allow the second carrier body to move to the thirdposition.
 21. The insertion system of claim 17, the insertion systemfurther comprising: a trigger for releasably retaining the secondcarrier body in the retracted position, the trigger configured to beoperable to release the second carrier body to allow the second carrierbody to move to the advanced position.
 22. The insertion system of claim1, the second carrier body configured to operatively connect with atleast two different types of piercing members, the second carrier bodyconfigured to insert at least a portion of a selected one of the atleast two different types of piercing members in a case where theselected one of the at least two different types of piercing members isoperatively connected to the second carrier body and the second carrierbody is moved to the advanced position.
 23. The insertion system ofclaim 22, the second carrier body configured to be removable from theselected one of the at least two different types of piercing members andadapted for reuse with another one of the at least two different typesof piercing members.
 24. The insertion system of claim 22, wherein theinsertion system is removable from the selected one of the at least twodifferent types of piercing members.
 25. The insertion system of claim24, wherein the insertion system is completely removable from theselected one of the at least two different types of piercing members.26. The insertion system of claim 22, the piercing member supported bythe first carrier body is one of the at least two different types ofpiercing members.
 27. The insertion system of claim 22, wherein theselected one of the at least two different types of piercing members isan insertion needle of an insertion set.
 28. The insertion system ofclaim 22, wherein the selected one of the at least two different typesof piercing members is a lancet for obtaining a fluid sample from thepatient.
 29. The insertion system of claim 28, the insertion systemfurther comprising: a guard configured to be removably attachable to thesecond device housing, the guard having an aperture for allowing thelancet to extend through in a case where the lancet is operativelyconnected to the second carrier body and the second carrier body ismoved to the advanced position.
 30. The insertion system of claim 22,wherein a distance traveled by the first carrier body relative to thefirst device housing from the retracted position to the advancedposition is equal to at least a distance required to insert the selectedone of the at least two different types of piercing members in the skinof the patient that is at least equal to an implantable length of theselected one of the at least two different types of piercing members.31. A method of making an insertion system, the method comprising:adapting a base to be carried by a patient; configuring a first devicehousing to be operatively engaged with and disengaged from the base;arranging a first carrier body for movement within at least a portion ofthe first device housing at least between a retracted position and anadvanced position, the first carrier body for supporting a piercingmember in a position orientated for insertion through skin of thepatient upon movement of the first carrier body from the retractedposition to the advanced position; configuring a second device housingto be operatively engaged with and disengaged from the first devicehousing, the second device housing comprising; arranging a secondcarrier body for movement within at least a portion of the second devicehousing at least between a retracted position and an advanced position,the second carrier body operatively connectable with the first carrierbody; and arranging a driver within the second device housing to movethe first carrier body from the retracted position toward the advancedposition to insert at least a portion of the piercing member throughskin of the patient.